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Causes of World War 2 - Coggle Diagram
Causes of World War 2
Short-term Causes
Economics
Economics Minister Hjalmar Schacht: Introduced the "New Plan" which barred all imports with the exception of those approved by the Government, while they exported. By 1935, exports were 500 million marks worth more than imports strengging German currency
Rearmament
Collapse of talks at the Geneva World Disarmament Conference: France was threatened by Germany's potential to rearm and would not agree to disarmament at the conference resulting in Germany's commitment as well --> Lead Germany to leave League of Nations as well.
1935: Conscription is introduced so that Germany would have a standing army of 700,000 men and 3 million in reserve by 1939.
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Anglo-German Naval Agreement: Germany allowed to build more ships as long as total weight doesn't surpass 35% of the British Army
Foreign Policy
1934: Polish-German Non-Aggression Pact: Non-aggression pact between both countries; Favored Hitler in avoiding conflict with the Polish after Nazi public desire for the land due to "Lebensraum"
1934: Stresa Front: Attempt by Britain, France, and Italy to keep Germany diplomatically isolated as a result of rearmament efforts.
1935: Abyssinian Crisis: Britain/France imposed economic sanctions on Italy for invading Abyssinian and breaking collective security
1936: Rome-Berlin Axis: Simple in that Italy recognized Germany (Germany was not diplomatically isolated anymore), and wouldn't prevent German annexation of Austria
1936: Anti-Comintern Pact: German signed with Japan against USSR --> Expressed Germany couldn't be isolated as attempted by the Western Powers
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1936: German troops occupy the Rhineland, while Europe focused on the Abyssinian Crisis (France attempted but failed to retaliate)
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1938: Munich Agreement: Britain, France, and Italy agreed to give the majority German-ethic Sudetenland back to Germany if the Germans respected the sovereignty of the rest of Czechoslovakia
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1939: Poland is invaded by the Germans from logically wanting to connect with East Prussia and Danzig/Western Powers made a military alliance with Poland
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Appeasement
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Argued by the following historians to have caused the war: RAC Parker, AJP Taylor
vs.
The following historians argued that Nazi Ideology caused the war: Eric Hobsbawm, AJP taylor, Hugh Trevor Roper
Long-term Causes:
Treaty of Versailles
Germany
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Lost territory to: Denmark, Belgium, France, and Poland
Territories of Danzig, Saar, and Memel controlled by the League
Forced Reduction of military to 100,000 men w/ little artillery
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Immediate Cause: September 1, 1938- German invaded Poland. The Allied Powers (France and Britain) responded one weem later with a declaration of War
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