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10T1 Animal Transport - Coggle Diagram
10T1 Animal Transport
Blood
Composition of blood
Red blood cells – transport oxygen around the body and CO2 to the lungs to be inhaled in the haemoglobin – made in the bone marrow – live for 120 days – no nucleus.
White blood cells – Phagocytes ingest the pathogens and produce antibodies – lymphocytes produce antibody molecules and destroy viruses and bacteria – made in the bone marrow – live for a few hours to a few days – have a nucleus
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Plasma – liquid component of blood that transports carbon dioxide, digested food, urea, hormones, and heat energy
Role of plasma
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Urea - produced from the breakdown of proteins in the liver. This is then dissolved into the plasma and transported to the kidneys for excretion
Hormones - chemical messages produced in one part of the body and carried in the plasma to the target organ
Carbon dioxide - some carried in haemoglobin but most in plasma where it is carried to the lungs for excretion
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Blood vessels
Arteries
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Thick layer of muscle and a small space inside meaning it flows at a high pressure due to the action of the heart
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Why simple unicellular organisms rely on diffusion and the need for a transport system in multicellular organisms
High oxygen requirements for aerobic respiration. They have a small SA:VOL ratio meaning that diffusion alone is too slow. The circulatory system moves oxygen and other substances around the body.