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Second Language Acquisition - Coggle Diagram
Second Language Acquisition
Definition of Second Language Acquisition?
recognized means of communication among members who speak some other language as their native tongue
Communication strategy is solve problem about communication and help communication problem with other
The Language Learner
Individual - rate of development and level of achievement
Cognitive - people receive, concept, organize and recall information
Learner Strategies
Cognitive strategies (Asimilation)
Metacognitive ( organize a personal timetable )
Social (Communication with native speaker)
Theories of Second Language Acquisition
Universalist Theory
Behaviourist Theory
Nativist Theory
Cognitivist Theory
Social Interactionist Theory
Social Interactionist Theory believe that the development of language comes from the early interactions between infants and caregivers.
Social interactionists believe
Human language emerged from the social role that language plays in human interaction;
The environment plays a key role in language development;
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Cognitivists say that the conditions for learning language are the same conditions that are necessary for any kind of learning. The environment provides the material that the child can work on
Language Learning as a Cognitive Process
Learning a language involves internal representations that regulate and guide performance.
4.Controlled processing is not a learned response. It is a temporary activation of nodes in a sequence.
Memory is a large collection of nodes.
Skills are learned and routinized only after the earlier use of controlled processes have been used.
Automatic processing activates certain nodes in memory when appropriate input is present. Activation is a learned response.
Learner strategies contain both declarative knowledge i.e. knowing the ‘what’ of the language-internalized rules and memorized chunks of language, and procedural knowledge i.e. know the ‘how’ of the language system to employ strategies.
Theories suggest thatlanguage naturally internally built for language acquisition
McNeill (1966) described the LAD as consisting of four innate linguistic properties:
The ability to distinguish speech sounds from other sounds in the environment
The ability to organize linguistic events into various classes that can be refined later
3.Knowledge that only a certain kind of linguistic system is possible and that other kinds are not
The ability to engage in constant evaluation of the developing linguistic system in order to construct the simplest possible system out of the linguistic data that are encountered.
Theory suggests that external stimuli (extrinsic) can elicit an internal response which in turn can elicit an internal stimuli (intrinsic) that lead to external responses
The enviroment is important role in language devolopment
Two perspectives:
Data driven
Theory driven