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The effect of music on heart rate
As participants are exposed to…
The effect of music on heart rate
As participants are exposed to classical music, their BPM (heart rate) will tend to decrease.
Ethics
Informed consent and voluntary participation: All participants were required to sign their consent, and people under the age of 16 also required parental consent to participate, fulfilling these ethical principles. An information sheet was also available to those who wanted it.
In this case, participants also had prior knowledge about the theories of arousal and relaxation, further fulfilling informed consent.
Right to Withdraw: All participants were given the option to withdraw at any time throughout the experiment, fulfilling this ethical principle.
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Accurate reporting: This might have been the only ethical principle that was potentially compromised. This is because the responsibility of recording data accurately and honestly fell to each individual participant. It was assumed that no one was dishonest. Despite this, the issue was not with the experiment design itself.
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Method
The collection of BPM using watches (objevtive quantative data) meant that result were free from bias as a result of experiment design
Participants could have fabriacted results, however
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Measuing the data through the use of technology, however, makes it reliable
All participants were exposed to every condition, meaning there were the same people in each group, so the diversity of participant variables was evenly spread
Participants also had to loop the track back in order to listen for the full 10 minutes, which may have impacted the data.
Sample
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Strengths
The results can be applied to students at Glenunga International High School if need be (even if it's only students in the Stage 1 psychology classes)
Participants were from multiple psychology classes, so there may be some differences in prior knowledge, leading to diversity in the results.
Limitations
Due to existing engagement with the theories of arousal and relaxation, participants may be biased in performance to ensure that the results match their understanding
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Variables
Extraneous Variables
Participant variables such as gender, age, mood, emotional state
While participant variables are reflective of the population, they obviously vary from individual to individual, meaning they may lead to inconsistencies between participating groups and influence the results because of this.
Situational variables: time of day, environment, temperature
Situational variables always impact the experiment, and testing during a different time, different day, different place etc can all contribute to the results, meaning that factors other than the IV could have influenced the DV.
Placebo Effect: This impacted the experiment to some extent, as the participants have prior knowledge and therefore had expectations of what was so occur. Each participant was also exposed to all conditions, meaning participants were aware of the different conditions that were possible.
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