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Feudalism and Manorialism, Viking warship, Scandinavia, Scandinavia,…
Feudalism and Manorialism
Invaders Attack Western Europe
From 800 to 1000, Invasions destroyed the Carolingian Empire.
Muslim Invaders from the South
The Muslims began invading from the Muslim strongholds of North Africa. They invaded what is now Italy and Spain.
In the late 600s & 700s their plan was to conquer and settle in Europe.
By the 800's & 900's, Their goal was to Plunder.
Definition of Plunder
Because the Muslims were expert seafarers, they were able to attack settlements on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts.
They also struck as far inland as Switzerland.
Invasions by Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims caused widespread disorder and suffering.
Kings could not effectively defend their lands from invasion.
Because of this, people no longer looked to a central ruler for securtiy
Many turned to local rulers who had their own armies. any leaders who could fight the invaders gained followers and political strength.
Most western Europeans lived in constant danger
Migration
Migration means when people or animals move from one place to another. The Muslims were moving from one place to another by continuing their conquering from north Africa to the coasts of the Atlantic and Mediterranean seas.
Magyar Invaders Struck from the East
Viking Invasions declined, and Europe became the new target for assaults by The Magyars.
The Magyars were a group of Nomadic people that attacked from the East, where what is now Hungary.
They were also superb horsemen, which helped them to ride across the plains of the Danube River and invade western Europe in the late 800's
The Magyars attacked isolated villages and monasteries, much like the vikings.
They Overran northern Italy and reached as far as the Rhineland and Burgundy.
When they conquered land, they didn't settle it. Instead, they took the conquered peoples as captives and sold them as slaves.
The Magyars took captives rather than settling land. What advantages did this approach have?
Answer: The Magyars took the captive they conquered and sold them as slaves rather than settling the land. Because they do this, they weren't required to settle. This allowed them to keep their Nomadic lifestyle.
Identity
Identity means the values, culture, and traditions that an individual group of people identify with. Identity is shown within the Magyar people, because they were all Nomadic. Being Nomadic was part of the Magyars identity.
From the North: Vikings
The Vikings set sail from Scandinavia (Now Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) to attack the Carolingian Empire.
They carried their raids out with intense speed
They would beach their ships, strike quickly, and then move back out to sea.
Most Viking raids were done before the invaded peoples had time to build up a defense, or counter-attack plan.
Viking warships could hold up to 300 warrioirs.
Each warrior took their turn rowing one of the 72 oars on the ship.
The prow of the boat ended most often in a curve-up, with he carving of a sea monster on the very end.
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More on Viking Warships
Vikings can also be called Norsemen or Northmen
They were Germanic people, and they worshipped war-like Gods
The vikings took pride in nicknames like Eric "Bloodaxe" and Thorfinn "Skullsplitter"
Not only were vikings fearless warriors, but they could also be traders, farmers, and explorers.
They journeyed down rivers into the heart of Russia, Constantinople, and across icy waters of the North Atlantic Sea.
Leif Ericson: A. viking explorer that reached North America around 1000 -- that's 500 years before Columbus.
By 1000, Viking terror in Europe began to fade away. Vikings accepted Christianity and stopped raiding monasteries. Warmer climate trends in Scandinavia made it easier to farm and create settlements.
Because the Germanic vikings were given the opportunity to settle, fewer of them adopted the sea-faring life of the viking warriors.
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How did Geography play a role in ending attacks in Europe?
Answer: Most vikings were not just warriors. They could also be farmers, traders, and explorers. SO when the warm climate trend in Europe hit Scandinavia, the rounds became more fertile and easier to farm and settle on. Because of this, fewer and fewer Scandinavian people people turned to the invasive and warlike life of a Viking warrior, and chose to farm and settle down instead.
More on War-Like gods worshipped by the vikings
Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
Was the distinction between serfs and slaves important?
Serfs couldn't lawfully leave the places where they were born. Their lords could not sell or buy them.
text book pg. 360 Chapter 13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serfdom
https://skepticlawyer.com.au/2015/08/15/serfdom-versus-slavery/
How did religion support the Feudalism system?
Feudalism was a political system in which nobles were granted the use of land that legally belonged to the king. In return, the nobles agreed to give their loyalty and military services to the king. Feudalism developed not only in Europe but also in countries like Japan
text book pg. 361 Chapter 13
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalism
http://icarus.cs.weber.edu/~dc84885/feudalsystem/
The structure of Feudal society was much like a pyramid. The peak was the king and then came the vassals, wealthy land owners, such as nobles and bishops.
SERF: A medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord's estate.
SLAVES: A person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them
A New Social Order: Feudalism
In what way might a lord also be a vassal?
A lord can give a vassal land if they are loyal to me.
The vassal than become the lord cause they got land.
When you give land its a fief.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz0SnpHreIs
How did Feudalism compare to the Aryan caste system?
Aryan divided up by looks and where they lived.
Feudalism was divieded up by land and jobs.
The government was the feudalism
The government was divided by 5 groups.
Lord- land owners 2. Vassel-Loyal to lord 3. Knight- Protected Lords 4. Serf- Worked the land 5. Slaves-owned by others
How did we change to Feudalism
They started the Roman Empire we were loyal to there written laws.
But the Germanic people invaded and they were more loyal to families, tradition and unwritten laws.
Scandinavia
