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Rate of Chemical Reactions Section 1 - Coggle Diagram
Rate of Chemical Reactions Section 1
Particle Collisions
Faster the particles move, the more often they collide and the hotter a substance becomes, there is a chance that they will react
Particles need to collide with a certain amount of energy to be able to break chemical bonds
All particles have kinetic energy, particles transfer energy when they collide
Concentration
Concentration is the amount of one substance in a certain volume of another substance
An increase in concentration will increase the chances that the particles of the substances will collide and react chemically
Particle Motion
Liquids slide around eachother
Gasses bounce around inside container
Solids vibrate in place
Activation Energy
Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
This energy is needed to break chemical bonds in the form of heat, light & pressure
Pressure
The higher the pressure, the more often the particles hit the surface and each other
The more the particles collide, the greater the chance of a chemical reaction
Pressure is caused by how often the particles bump against a surface
Activation Energy in Endothermic Reactions
Require activation energy to get started and more energy to keep going
The energy of the products is greater than the energy of the reactants
Endothermic = absorb energy
Temperature
Any temp increase causes particles to move faster and hit each other more often, increasing the chance of a chemical reaction
The cooler a substance is, the slower the particles move and the less chance there is a chemical reaction
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
Surface Area
Total area of an exposed object surface, can be increased by breaking a solid object into multiple pieces- however, volume remains constant
The more surface area an object has, the more particles are exposed that can react with surrounding particles
Catalysts & Endothermic Reactions
Catalysts are not charged during the chemical reaction so they are not reactants
A catalyst = substance that lowers activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction, speeding up the reaction
Catalysts and Exothermic Reactions
The energy of the reactants and products before the chemical reaction are unchanged
Catalysts speed up chemical reaction
Catalysts only lower activation energy
Rate of a Chemical Reaction
Make reaction faster by increasing temp, surface area, concentration, catalyst
Reaction rate = speed at which chemical reaction takes place (higher reaction rate, faster reaction)