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EARTH´S RELIEF: EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES - Coggle Diagram
EARTH´S RELIEF: EXTERNAL GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES
TORRENCIAL LANDSCAPES
TORRENTIAL EROSIONAL PROCESSES
The torrential erosional processes are important in soft terrain and sparce vegetation
Sometimes runoff concentrates on certain flow paths and cuts a well defined channel on the hillside, that grows from small gullies to ravines or deep gorges
Raindrops cause mechanical weathering and disintegrates soil materials
In arid regions with scarce vegetation and sporadic but torrential showers, rainfall intensity quickly exceeds soil infiltration capacity and important surface runoff is produced
LANDFORMS
Cárcavas
Ravines or gullies
(San Bartolomé de Tiranjana)
Fairy chimneys
(this occurs because water takes away very fine material, and areas protected by more resistant rocks are left uneroded) Vilaflor
COASTAL SHAPING
WAVES
They are created by wind blowing the surface of the ocean. Waves strike the shore repeatedly and disintegrate the rocks mechanically
DESTRUCTIVE WAVES
If the backwash is stronger than the swash, the dislodged particles are removed (erosion)
CONSTRUCTIVE WAVES
If the swash is stronger than the backwash, deposition occurs
Coastlines are very dynamic features, changing shape continually. In coastal landscapes, moving ocean water is the geological agent involved
Erosion shapes coastal relief
Cliffs are formed due to the erosion of rocky areas along the coast. As
cliffs retreat due to erosion, a wave-cut platform emerges at the base
The more prominent areas of cliffs are known as:
Coves
Bays
Promontories
Sedimentary coastal relief
Constructive waves normally deposit these sandy particles in sheltered areas, like bays. The accumulation of sand from erosion forms beaches
Corralejo Grandes Playas, Fuerteventura
WIND
THE GEOLOGICAL ACTION OF WIND
Wind is not a very powerful agent
Aeolian processes are only important in arid environments with sparse vegetation
Wind removes and transports only fine particles from the soil surface
When the wind stops or reduces its speed, suspended particles are deposited
AEOLIAN EROSIONAL PROCESSES
DEFLATION:
the wind removes fine, loose particles from the ground
:
ABRASION:
suspended particles erode the rocks close to the surface
AEOLIAN EROSIONAL LANDFORMS
Loess
Dunes (ex. Barchans) and dune fields. Sandy deserts or ergs
