Chemical Bonding
Ionic Bonding
Ionic compounds
made up of positive and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions
ionic compounds are solids with high melting and boiling points
Are ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL, i.e. sum of positive charges = sum of negative charges
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
By either losing and gaining negatively charged electrons, the reacting atoms from ions.
The oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, which creates this ionic bond.
Ionic bonding happens between a METAL and a NON-METAL.
Covalent Bonding
Electrons are shared between atoms
Covalent bonding occurs when two or more elements share electrons.
Covalent bonding occurs because the atoms in the compounsd both seek to GAIN ELECTRONS
Covalent compounds are also ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL
This most commonly occurs when two NONMETALS bond together. Because of the nonmetals will want to gain electrons, the elements involved will share electrons in an affort to fill their valence shells.
Intramolecular Force
(definition) the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule
ionic bond
the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.