Chemical Bonding

Ionic Bonding

Ionic compounds

made up of positive and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions

ionic compounds are solids with high melting and boiling points

Are ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL, i.e. sum of positive charges = sum of negative charges

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

By either losing and gaining negatively charged electrons, the reacting atoms from ions.

The oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, which creates this ionic bond.

Ionic bonding happens between a METAL and a NON-METAL.

Covalent Bonding

Electrons are shared between atoms

Covalent bonding occurs when two or more elements share electrons.

Covalent bonding occurs because the atoms in the compounsd both seek to GAIN ELECTRONS

Covalent compounds are also ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL

This most commonly occurs when two NONMETALS bond together. Because of the nonmetals will want to gain electrons, the elements involved will share electrons in an affort to fill their valence shells.

Intramolecular Force

(definition) the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule

ionic bond

the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.