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Globalist views of globalisation hyper/pessimistic - Coggle Diagram
Globalist views of globalisation hyper/pessimistic
Pessimistic globalism
Chang, 2008 and Seabrook, 2005, argue that globalisation is a negative phenomenon because it is essentially a form of Western imperialism, peddling a superficial and homogenous mass from of monoculture and consumption.
Chang, takes issue with the neo-liberalist perspective on the joys of economic globalisation. Arguing that neo-liberals paint a false picture of the global economy as benefiting all.
The adoption of the free market often means that Westen companies can invest in the developing world and take over local businesses because there are no regulations or laws preventing them from doing so.
Chang refers to the World Bank, the IMF and the WTO as the ‘Unholy alliance’ and claims they exist to ‘ force’ developing countries down the free-trade road.
Chang points out that, as a result, the neo-liberal world economy is dominated by the developing world - rich countries are responsible for 80 per cent of the output of manufacturing goods, they conduct 70 percent of world trade and are responsible for a tleast 70 percent of investment.
Chang would probably agree with the observation of Giddens, 1999, that this ‘is less of a global village and more like global pillage.’
Key beliefs
Argue that globalisation is a fact that is having real consequences for the way that people and organisations operate across the world.
National states and local cultures are being eroded by a homogenous global culture and economy
Argues that the media moguls who own these corporations are able to influence business, international, agencies and governments and consequently to threaten democracy and freedom of expression
Hyper-globalism
Suggests that globalization will eventually produce tolerant and responsible world citizens
This is the position of Sen, 2002, who suggests globalization represents hope for all humanity because it produces universal techno-scientific culture, which will liberate people from poverty.
Neo-liberals
Thomas Friedman, 200, argue globalization occurred as a result of the global adoption of neo-liberal economic policies
Identifying neo-liberal economic set of principles that he calls 'Golden straightjackets', arguing that all countries need in order to achieve success in the global economy.
Golden straightjackets are a 'one size fits all' - It is not always pretty or comfortable, but its here and its the only model to reach this historical season
Friedman states that globalised world economy is the result of most developing countries abandoning state interventionism in the world economy, from the 1980s on, and adopting the laissez-faire free-trade policies of degradation, privatisation and the opening up of free trades and investment.
These countries often sheperded onto the 'right' economic path by the 'good samaritan' of western governments, especially the USA and the three sisters of free trade; the IMF, the world bank and the WTO