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PSYCHOLINGUISTICS - Coggle Diagram
PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
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Acquiring language
It used to be thought that animal behaviour could be divided
into two types: that which was inborn and natural
Many types of behaviour develop ‘naturally’ at a certain age, provided that the surrounding environment is adequate.
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Recognizing words
Understanding speech is not the simple matter it appears to be at first sight. Hearers, it is often supposed, behave like secretaries taking down a mental dictation
The human mind, it appears, prefers the second method, that of parallel processing, so much so that even unlikely possibilities are probably considered subconsciously.
Understanding syntax
To some extent, the process is similar to word recognition, in that people look for outline clues, and then actively reconstruct the probable message from them. They jump to conclusions on the basis of outline clues by imposing what they expect to hear onto the stream of sounds.
The problem arose because when interpreting sentences, people tend to impose a subject–verb–object sequence on them.
Speech production
Speech production involves at least two types of process. On the one hand, words have to be selected. On the other, they have to be integrated into the syntax.
Slips of the tongue, selection errors, assemblage errors.
All this suggests that speech is organized in accordance
with a rhythmic principle – that a tone group is divided into smaller units (usually called feet), which are based (in English) on stress. Feet are divided into syllables, which are in turn possibly controlled by a biological ‘beat’ which regulates the speed of utterance.