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MODAL VERBS - Coggle Diagram
MODAL VERBS
Obligations
Duty
Necessity
MUST - duty/obligation;
HAVE TO - necessity;
HAVE GOT TO = HAVE TO(everyday speech);
SHOULD/ OUGHT - duty;
NEED - necessity;
Absence of
necessity
NEEDN’T/DON’T HAVE TO/DON’T NEED TO + P.I. - it isn’t necessary to do sth;
DIDN’T NEED TO/ DIDN’T HAVE TO - it was not necessary to do sth;
NEEDN’T + B.P.I. - it was not necessary to do sth but it was done;
-
Logical
assumption
MUST - I’m sure/certain that sth is true(affirmative);
CAN’T/ COULDN’T - I’m sure that sth is true,real(negative);
-
Possibility
CAN + P.I. - general possibility;
COULD/MAY/MIGHT + P.I. - it is possible/likely/perhaps;
COULD/MIGHT + P.I. - it was possible, but didn’t happen;
Requests
CAN/COULD/WILL/WOULD YOU - when we ask smb to do sth;
MAY/MIGHT/CAN/COULD I - when we ask smb for sth politely;
-
-
-
Criticism
SHOULD/OUGHT + P.INF. = it would have been better if you had.. - to criticise someone else’s actions;
Ability
CAN/BE ABLE TO - present;
WILL BE ABLE TO - future;
COULD = used to be able to - past;
WAS/WERE ABLE TO - managed to do ability
in the past;
Permission
Asking for:
CAN/COULD/MAY/MIGHT
Giving:
CAN/MAY - you’re allowed to do sth;
Refusing:
CAN’T/MUSTN’T/MAY NOT - you’re not allowed to do sth;
Talking about:
CAN/BE ALLOWED TO - to refer to laws or do regulations;
COUL/WAS ALLOWED TO - when we had general permission to do sth in the past;
WAS/WERE ALLOWED TO - when we had a permission to do sth in the part.situation in the past;