Tumors may metastasize to the liver spleen liver via the portal vein, e.g., cancer of pancreas or stomach, or colorectal cancer
Portal hypertension (increased pressure in portal vein, e.g., liver cirrhosis) may lead to esophageal varices, splenic enlargement, caput medusa (visibly enlarged veins radiating from umbilicus) and hemorrhoids
a. Oesophageal varices (danger of rupture —> upper GI bleed)
b. Splenomegaly (due to congestion of splenic vein)