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civics and citizenships - Coggle Diagram
civics and citizenships
6 key concepts
the Westminster system
a form of parliamentary government originating in the UK
justice
means that people should treat each other in a manner that is fair and balanced for all
democratic values
beliefs and ideals that
are held by our society as a democracy
participation
the way citizens participate or contribute to the society
democracy
a system of government where the people elect representatives to represent them
rights and responsibilities
our entitlements and duties as citizens
political parties
two main parties
liberal
main goals
less government control
individual businesses strive
core voters
the rich and high power
labour
main goals
more government control
smaller gap between the rich and poor
core voters
low and middle class
other parties
nationals
core voters
people who live outside the cities
main goals
strong local communities
greens
main goals
environmentalism
social justice
core voters
people who care for the environment
federal voting system
preferential voting
where you number each candidate from favourite to least favourite
to win you need the absolute majority
50% + 1
if no absolute majority is reached the candidate with the lowest votes is removed and there votes are redistributed
this continues until an absolute majority is reached
compulsory to vote if your 18+ and a citizen
federal state and local responsibilities
federal
Medicare and health funding
airports an air safety
immigration
state
primary and secondary schools
hospitals and police
transport
local
rubbish collection
library
town planning and building regulations
the court system
civil law
the plaintiff brings the case to court
laws that protect our rights from individuals and businesses
types
defamation
when someone seeks damages due to loss of reputation
negligence
when one fails to take reasonable care to avoid causing damage to another person
criminal law
police bring case to court
laws that protect us from harm
types
Major indictable offences
The Supreme Court must hear serious major indictable offences. All other major indictable offences can be heard in the District Court
murder, rape, threatening or endangering life
Minor indictable offences
one that is also dealt with in a Magistrates Court
Theft, receiving and deception
common law
laws made by judges
types
precedent
when and unheard of case appears and the judge is forced to make a decision
statutory interpretation
the process by which courts interpret and apply legislation
hierarchy
supreme court
district court
high court
madistrate court
laws and rules
laws
legal rules that apply to all Australians
rules
formal rules that apply to a specific group of people
4 principles of justice
all people have a right to a fair trial
the judiciary is independent and impartial
all people are equal before the law
all people have a right to a reasonable appeal