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The cell - Coggle Diagram
The cell
What is a cell?
The cell is the smallest unit of life that can replicate contains tiny factories, warehouses, transportation systems and power plants, also create their own energy and self-replicate
Inside the cell
There are different types of cells that have different functions in our body. Despite the differences, they share structures also called organelles. The most important organelles are the following:
* Nucleus: The nucleus contains most of the cell's DNA, it also sends messages to tell the cell to grow, divide, or die. The nucleus is separated from the rest of the cell by a membrane called the nuclear envelope; They have nuclear pores within the membrane that allow small molecules and ions to pass through, while larger molecules need transport proteins to help them pass.
Plasma membrane: The cell is wrapped in this membrane that is composed mainly of phospholipids and a variety of receptors that are gatekeepers, markers, communicators and fasteners. All of these have functions to help the cell.
Cytoplasm: It is inside the cell and surrounds the nucleus, it is composed of 80% water, in which the organelles are and it contains a liquid called cytosol. Here many important cell reactions take place.
Lysosomes and peroxisomes: Both are enzymes only lysosomes have enzymes that break down large molecules and peroxisomes have enzymes that destroy toxic materials
Cytoskeleton: It helps the cell to maintain its correct shape. It also plays a role in cell division and cell motility, it also helps in endocytosis.
Endoplasmic reticulum:It processes the molecules within the cell and helps transport them to their final destinations. In particular, it synthesizes, folds, modifies and transports proteins. There are two types, the smooth and the rough
Golgi apparatus: It is a cellular organelle that helps in the manufacture and packaging of proteins and lipids, especially those proteins destined to be exported by the cell.
Mitochondria: It helps convert food into energy that the cell can use which is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it also has functions such as calcium storage and apoptosis
Ribosomes: A ribosome is a cellular particle made of RNA and protein that serves as the site for protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA) and, using the genetic code, translates the base sequence of the RNA into an amino acid sequence.
Cell nucleus
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The cell nucleus is the site of many important biological functions of the eukaryotic cell. These processes include ribosome transcription, replication, splicing, and biogenesis
The mechanical support and the functional organization of the nucleus are provided by various nuclear subcompartments or nuclear bodies. These facilitate the various nuclear processes, particularly gene expression.
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