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DEMENTIA IMG-20201129-WA0023 - Coggle Diagram
DEMENTIA
DEFINITION
a chronic or persistent disorder
marked by memory disorders
caused by brain disease
of the mental processes
personality changes and impaired reasoning
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
with variety of specific brain disease
causing cortical-subcortical degeneration
when mutation of 3 genes
CAUSES
traumatic brain injury
infections of the cns
vascular disorder
long-term alcohol or rug use
degenerative neurological disease
REFERENCES
aug 5 2020 www.webmd.com
apr 19 2020 www.mayoclinic.org
DIAGNOATIC TESTS
physical history
laboratory tests
medical history
characteristic changes
no specific tests
NURSING MANAGEMENT
NURSING INTERVENTION
avoid rushing patient when struggling with words
ecourage patient to take part in activities
provide positive reinforcement and feedback
provide hygiene care if neccessary
orientate patient to environment as needed
administer medication as prescribed
assess level of confusion and disorientation
closely monitor patient to detect complications in advance
NURSING EVALUATION
patient to have appropiate maintanance of mental function
patient to be able self-care
improved thought processes
patient to be aware of illness and treatment followed
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
chronic confusion
impaired verbal communication
disturbed thought process
self-care deficit
risk to injury
TYPES
subcortical dementias
cortical dementia
TYPES
moderate decline
moderately severe decline
mild decline
severe decline
very mild decline
very severe decline
no impairment
PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY
memantine
cholinesterase inhibitors
galantamine
rivastigmine
donepezil
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
psychological
depression
hallucinations
paranoia
mood
anxiety
loneliness
mood swings
limited social skills
behavioural
irritability
personality changes
restlessness
lack of restraint
forgetfulness, falling, memory loss
cognitive
disorientation
inability to speak nor understand
confusion
inability to recognise common things
mental decline
