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7 Gender and Culture, What is the reason for the differences between…
7 Gender and Culture
GENDER DIFFERENCES
NEWS STORY
Lots of news stories talking about there being gender differences in several domains e.g. home schooling in the pandemic, MeToo movement (sexual harassment), gender differences in voting. Also says that men and women are completely different, they'll never see eye to eye i.e. men are from mars, women are from venus
RESEARCH
Acc research shows that there is substantial overlap between men and women in many different domains, i.e. men and women are really similar, hence gender differences are small. Also research shows there's acc a lot of variation within each sex.
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CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN
EVALUATION = In present day, women now are becoming more instrumental, are now being seen as the breadwinners, pursuing education, having leadership roles. So the genders are becoming similar now. Hence, the gender differences findings based on "traditional family values" may be outdated.
GENDER AND ETHNICITY
Gender differences between black men and women is small, but gender differences between white men and women is large - hence socialisation affects gender differences bc our culture can impact how people relate to others.
NATURE VS. NURTURE
SOCIALISATION
50/60s there were lots of ads about gender sterotyped roles - could lead to people internalising this stereotyped information & this may be why there are gender differences.
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Kids are socialised from early years on how to behave e.g. boys told not to cry and be aggressive, girls told to care for their siblings and be nurturing. So this is to do with how adults treat and behave towards kids depending on their gender, which affect how gender stereotyped the kids grow up to be - Baby X Paradigm
BIOLOGY
Evolutionary theorists suggest that there were so many physical differences between men and women so they just adopted different roles in the past
Gender differences could also be due to hormonal differences - testosterone and oxytocin - study shows testosterone makes more hostile & oxytocin makes more nurturing.
BOTH BIOLOGY + SOCIALISATION = Certain synapses are strengthened due to the gendered treatment they receive from adults at a young age, and hence they have gender differences in their brain.
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