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digestive system - Coggle Diagram
digestive system
Digestive tract/ Alimentary canal
Mouth
oral cavity
pharynx
Esophagus
stomach
small intestine
Anus
large intestine
Oral Cavity
Vestibules
spaces between tissues
Oral cavity Proper
other areas
Palate
Hard palate- bone
soft palate- muscle
Teeth
Deciduous- baby teeth 20
Permanent- adult 32
Tongue
Intrinsic muscles
shape
Extrinsic muscles
movement for chewing
Frenulum
attaches tongue to floor of mouth
Pharynx
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Salivary glands
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
Tonsils
Palantine
Pharyngeal
Lingual
Accesory Digestive organs
Tongue
Salivary glands
Liver
Billary ducts
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Teeth
Functions
Digestion
EX Mastication
Absorption
nutrients in small intest.
Secretion
stomach acids for food breakdown
Motility
movement of esophageal muscles
Elimination of waste
defaction
Esophagus
25 cm length
Mucosa= stratified squamous
submucosa= mucous glands for lubrication
Muscularis Externa
upper 1/3 = skeletal
Middle 1/3= mixed
lower 1/3= smooth muscle
Adventitia
General Histology
Mucosa
Surface epithelium
Muscularis Mucosa
Lamina Propria
Muscularis Externa
Circular/Longitudinal layer smooth muscle
Nerve plexuses between layers
For muscle contraction
Submucosa
Dense irregular CT
Lymphatics
glands
Nerve plexuses
Serosa/ Adventitia
Serous Membrane= Serosa
Loose CT= Adventitia
stomach
3 Regions
Body
Antrum
Fundas
Greater Omentum
hangs off greater curvature
apronlike structure
covers and protects abdominal viscera
Histology
Mucosa
simple columnar
Rugae
Gastric glands
Acid to breakdown food
secrete mucous to protect from acid
Submucosa
nerve plexuses supply with oxygen to control contraction of muscle
Muscularis Externa
3 layers smooth muscle
Outer=longitudinal
Middle= circular
Inner= Oblique
Serosa
Small Intestines
6 metres
3 parts
Duodenom 25cm
Jejunum 2.5 m
Ileum 3.5 m
Histology
Mucosa
Villi, extend to lumen
Simple columnar
on Villi
Many absoptive cells
Microvilli (brushborder)
Lamina Propria
Peyer's Patches (collection of lymphatics)
Mostly in ileum
core of each villus
Intestinal Glands (Crypts of Lieberkuhn)
folds between villi
secrete intestinal juices
Plicae Circulares
transverse fold
formed by mucosa and submucosa
Submucosa
Brunner's Glands
secrete alkaline mucus
protect from stomach acid
Only in duodenum
Muscularis Externa
2 smooth muscle layers
Nerve plexus in between
Serosa
Large Intestines
3 divisions
Colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Ascending Colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
temporarily stores fecal matter
Cecum
first portion
Vermiform appendix
Histology
Submucosa
blood vessels, lymphatics, glands, nerve plexuses
Muscularis Externa
Rectum
teniae coli merge to form one
Anal canal
Thickens into anal sphincter
Cecum and colon
3 longitudinal bands (teniae coli)
Haustra (sac-like structures)
Mucosa
Similar to small intestine
Increasing amount of goblet cells
intestinal glands present
accumulation of lymphatics in lamina propria
Adventitia and Serosa
Crohn's disease
Inflamation of digestive tract
lower small intestine
large intestine
Symptoms
abdominal pain
diarrhea
fatigue
malnutrition