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Fracture - Coggle Diagram
Fracture
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Toughening mechanism
Crack Deflection
Increasing toughness: Smaller grain size, so more grain boundaries, the higher the crack deflection
Crack Bridging
Increasing toughness: Select fiber and matrix that has very good interfacial bonding strength with high fracture toughness to prevent interfacial debonding and fiber fracture.
Grain Size Reduction
Increasing toughness: Grain Size smaller, more grain boundaries according to Hall-Patch Equation
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Types of fracture
Ductile fracture: Micro voids are form at the stage 1 and small cavities is being form at stage 2.
Necking occurs at stage 3 where coalescence of cavities form crack.
Final fracture occurs due to the rapid propagation of the crack and shear banding 45o is observed in SEM
Brittle fracture: Crack propagates perpendicular to the applied stress.
2 types of brittle fracture,
Transgranular: type 1(left side)
Intergranular: type 2(right side)