Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Structures of the digestive system lecture 1 - Coggle Diagram
Structures of the digestive system lecture 1
GI tract
Processes foods into nutrients
absorbs nutrients and water into blood
eliminates waste
Accessory digestive organs
organs grinding food or providing digestive secretions.
tongue and teeth
incisors and canines
enamel
dentin
gingiva
pulp
salivary glands
gallbladder
pancreas
gastrointestinal tract
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
rectum
anus
Peptic ulcer
erosion of the lining of the stomach or duodenum of small intestine
S/S
Abdominal pain, C/O, N/V, wt loss, black or tar like stool, shock (perforation)
Pathogen
Helicobacter pylori
virulence factor
Flagella
enable burrowing through stomach lining
Adhesins
facilitate attachment to gastric cell
Urease
neutralizes stomach acid.
Dx
Upper GI x-ray examination to identify ulcers and presence of H.pylori in clinical specimens
Tx
antimicrobials
Prevention
avoid fecal-oral transmission
Microbiome of digestive system
esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
rapid transport of food
help prevent microbial colonization
tongue, teeth, jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum
microorganisms colonize in these areas
Viridians streptococci are most prevalent
Lower small intestine and colon
Microbiota here are antagonist
protect body by out competing pathogens
mucous membrane
prevents entry of microbes into bloodstream
dental caries, gingiva, and peridontal disease.
S/S
caries (tooth decay, cavities)
peridontal disease
gums are swollen, tender, red, and bleeding
Trench mouth
Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)
rare type of peridontal disease
Pathogen, virulence factor and pathogenesis
Streptococcus mutans
Dextrax and fimbriae
allow biofilm formation on teeth
porphyromonas gingivialis
causes peridontal disease
Dx
via observation, x-ray examination
Tx
scaling
Bacterial gastroenteritis
Inflammation of stomach or intestines caused by bacteria
S/S
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and cramps
dysentry
sever form of gastroenteritis
Dx
xTAG
nucleic acid test
Tx
fluid and electrolyte replacement
Prevention
proper handling, storage and preparation of food
Shigellosis
form of gastroenteritis
S/S
fever, abdominal cramp, diarrhea, bloody stool
Pathogen
4 species of shigella
Virulence factor
type III secretion system and enterotoxin from all 4 species
Dx
by symptoms and presence of shigella in stool
Tx
supportive care and administration of antimicrobials
Travelers diarrhea
Pathogen
Escherichia coli
Virulence factor
adhesins, fimbrae, and toxins
Dx
based on S/S
Tx
fluid and electrolyte replacement