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THE EARLY MODERN AGE - Coggle Diagram
THE EARLY MODERN AGE
SOCIAL CHANGE
SOCIAL CLASSES
UNPRIVILEGED CLASSES
(COMMUNERS)
Composition
PEASANTS
The
largest group
Serfs
of the feudal lord or noble
They had to
pay
them
rent or a part of their harvest
Many peasants went to the cities
more freedom
Violent
protests
for their rights
Severely suppressed
BOURGEOISIE
(Middle Class)
UPPER
BOURGEOISIE
Composition
Officials
Important merchants
Bankers
Nobility began marrying into the richest families
The RULING CLASS (together with the city nobles)
Richly decorated
urban palaces
PETITE
BOURGEOISIE
Composition
Labourers
Servants
Artists
Small merchants
Artisans
Less important officials
The
largest group
in the cities
Humble houses
in buildings with several floors
City inhabitants
Gained more political influence
Became wealthier
Increased in number
BEGGARS
and
VAGABONDS
Marginalised social group
Lived on
charity
The
MAJORITY
of the population
They paid
numerous taxes
Not access to high political positions
PRIVILEGED CLASSES
Composition
Clergy
Nobility
A
MINORITY
that owned most of the land
Privileges
They
didn't pay taxes
Access to
high political positions
Judged by
special tribunals
They lived in
Castles
in te countryside
Palaces
in the city
Economic prosperity
Increase in the population
Reduction in the number of big epidemics
Cities grew
URBAN SOCIETY
developed
ECONOMIC
TRANSFORMATION
THE EXPANSION OF
CRAFTSMANSHIP
Products were made in
Workshops
Homes
Domestic system
Guilds
Associations of craftsmen
NEW PRODUCTS
brought to Europe
Foods
Spices
Precious metals
INTENSIFIED COMMERCIAL
ACTIVITY
Surplus
in agriculural production
Surplus products sold in
city markets
new markets
Trade routes
over land and sea
THE DEVELOPMENT OF
MERCANTILE CAPITALISM
Capital belonged to
private owners
who created
trading companies
to generate profits
Capital
Money
Raw materials
Tools
Workshops,...
INCREASED AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTION
Increase in the amount of land under cultivation
Three-field system
was maintained
**
Cultivated land divdided into 3 sections
Rotation each year
One section was left fallow
Main crops:
cereals
The main economic ativity
DEVELOPMENT OF BANKING
PROVIDING LOANS
to merchants
To begin new commercial activities
to monarchs
To cover the costs of running their states
The most important banking families
The Medicci (Florence)
The Fugger (Germany)
CREATING NEW FORMS
of PAYMENT
THE BILL of EXCHANGE
Document which guaranteed that the
banker would pay a quantity of money
1453: Fall of Constantinople
1789: French Revolution