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NUCLEIC ACID, INTRO - Coggle Diagram
NUCLEIC ACID
Types:
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
1) carry genetic information
2) found in nucleus
3) polynucleotide strands: long
5) double helix (joined by two hydrogen bonds)
4) pentose sugar : deoxyribose
6) Nitrogenous base : (A,T,C,G)
7) A-T and C-G pairs
RIBONUCLEIC ACID (RNA)
1) important in protein synthesis
2) found mainly in cytoplasm
3)polynucleotide strands: short
4) pentose sugar: ribose
5) Nitrogenous base : (A,U,C,G)
3 types:
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
NUCLEOTIDE
1) phosphate group join to the 5th carbon of pentose sugar
(A,T,C,G) attached to the 1st carbon
POLYNUCLEOTIDES
different nucleotides are joined by phosphodiester bonds to form a polynucleotide
Process: condensation
NUCLEOTIDE STRUCTURE
nucleic acids are built from subunits called nucleotides.
Nitrogenous base
Purine
Large double rings structue
Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
Pyramidine
Single ring structure
Cytosine (c)
Thymine (T)
Uracil (U)
Phosphate group
s
5- carbon/ pentose sugar (ribose/deoxyribose)
Deoxyribose:
1) found in (DNA) is a modified sugar
2)hydrogen atom at carbon no 2
3) lacking one-oxygen atom (de-oxy)
Ribose
1) found in (RNA)
2) Hydroxyl group at carbon no 2
3) normal sugar with 1 O2 attached to each carbon atom
macromolecules composed of chains of monomer called nucleotides
INTRO