Ch10 ECOLOGY OF THE COMMUNITY (p374-411)

10.1 COMMUNITY: STRUCTRUE &FUNCITONS

10.7 CREATING CARING COMMUNITIES

10.10 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT: ADVOCACY

10.2 THE COMMUNITY'S INFLUENCE ON SOCIALIZATION

10.6 PREVENTIVE, SUPORTIVE, & REHABILITATIVE SERVIES

10.5 MACROSYSTEM INFLUENCES ON COMMUNITY SERVICES

10.8 MESOSYSTEM INFLUENCES: LINKING COMMUNITY SERVIES TO FAMILIES & SCHOOLS

10.3 THE COMMUNITY AS A LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

10.9 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT: VOLUNTEERISM

10.4 THE COMMUNITY AS A SUPPORT SYSTEM

community ecology

  1. production, distribution, consumption
  2. socialization
  3. social control
  4. social participation
  5. mutual support

The People Who Life There

  1. How did they earn a living?
  2. How did the people in our community instill in us their norms and values?
  3. How did our community enforce its rules?
  4. How did the people in our neighborhood community socialize with one another?
  5. How did the people in our neighborhood community help one another?
  • education (quality academic programs & safe schools)
  • childcare
  • recreation (facilities & opportunities)
  • community safety
  • citizen involvement
  • physical environment (clean, safe, attractive, well cared for)
  • employment opportunities (good jobs, economic growth)
  • cost of living
  • neighborhood quality (housing affordability, good government, cultural opportunities, specific supports for children & families)

10.2a Physical Factors

noise

community desin

Play Settings
-traditional playgrounds (swings, slide, teeter-totter, & sandbox)
-modern playground (sculptures for climbing, crawling, & sliding)
-adventure playground (old lumber, tires, crates, bricks, & rocks)

Population Density & Composition
-population density
-learned helplessness
-population composition
-homogeneous
-heterogeneous

10.2b Economic Factors

10.2c Social & Personal Factors

The Neighborhood Setting

Patterns of community Interaction

Size of community

Social diversity

Shared norms

Valued types of social relationship

-provide specific schools with materials, financial aid, human resources, & professional support
-serve on school advisory councils or on school boards
-offer schools the use of business settings for job placement or offer field sites for work experience programs

a) Increasing population
b) Changing nature of the family
c) Increasing urbanization of communities

Public agencies

Private agencies

Combination agencies

supportive services

rehabilitative services

preventative services

10.6a Preventive Services: Parks, Recreation, & Education

10.6b Supportive services: Family & Child

Referrals

Economic assistance

Counseling

Family preservation

Senior citizens

Child health & welfare

Protective

Child care

Foster care

Adoption

10.6c Rehabilitative Services: Correction, Mental Health, Special Needs

Correction

Mental Health

Special needs

  1. ensuring income security
  2. improving health
  3. increasing educational achievement
  4. preparing adolescents for adulthood
  5. strengthening & supporting families
  6. protecting vulnerable children & their families
  7. making policies & programs work
  8. creating a moral climate for children
  9. providing financing for programs
  • at-risk youth
  • ex-offenders
  • homeless & hungry
  • substance abusers
  • those with HIV/AIDS
  • welfare-to-work families
  1. mental health
  2. physical health
  3. trauma
  4. emergency medical services & transport
  5. disaster case management
  6. disaster preparedness for child care/elderly education, elementary, secondary education, child welfare, & juvenile justice
  7. sheltering standards, services, & supplies
  8. housing
  9. evacuation & reunification

10.7b Health Care for Families

10.7c Social Support for Families

10.7a Economic Assistance to Families

10.7d Special Services for Children with Special Needs

  • Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
  • Unemployment compensation
  • Social Security survivor or disability benefits
  • Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
  • Veterans' benefits
  • Child nutrition services
  • Other services
  1. the persistently high rate of unemployment among parents
  2. the inability of parents to earn high enough wages to escape poverty
  3. the growth in the number of female-headed households because of divorce & out -of-wedlock births
  4. inadequate preschool education, public education, & job training
  5. inadequate budgets in government programs

Homelessness

  • Medicaid
  • Maternal & child health services
  • Centers for Disease Control
  • Child nutrition programs
  • Child welfare services
  • Social services block grants (Title XX)
  • Child & adolescent service system program
  • Income tax deductions
  • Subsidized day care
  • The Child Abuse Prevention & Treatment Act
  • The Family Violence Prevention & Services Program
  • learn about the needs in your community
  • conserve funds for charities, nonprofit, faith-based, & other community organizations by contributing your time
  • share your skills & gain new ones
  • develop self-esteem & gain new ones
  • meet new people from all walks of life
  • enhance your resume & make important networking contacts

10.9a Volunteer Groups

  • tutoring at-risk youth
  • building homes for low-income people
  • caring for homebound seniors
    -working at food banks
    -donating food, clothing, & household items
  • helping maintain parks by cleaning the environment
  • responding to natural disasters

10.10a Advocating for Child Protection

1- Children's Defense Fund (CDF)
2- Child Welfare League of America (CWLA)
3- National Congress of Parents & Teachers (NCPT)

  • Overview
  • Definitions
  • Identification
  • Statistics
  • Risk & protective factors
  • Perpetrators
  • Impact
  • Fatalities
  • Contact
  • Family preservation
  • Parent education
  • Child care
  • Family therapy
  • Kinship care
  • Foster care
  • Parent support groups
  • Institutionalization
  • Adoption

1) Establish local commission for children & families
2) Establish a neighborhood family center
3) Foster community projects
4) Combat alcohol, drugs, & violence
5) Foster youth participation in local policy bodies
6) Plan communities to consider the children who will be growing up in them