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Economic Transformation - Coggle Diagram
Economic Transformation
Journeys
1492
Columbus
Spain sponsored journey
Aiming to find a sea route to end in the East by going West
'Accidental' encounter with the New World
1498
Vesco da Gama
Portuguese effort
Aimed intentionally and purposefully east via sea route around Africa
Why/How for European Aimed East
Eurpean desire for tropical spices
Cinnamon, nutmeg
Also, Chinese silk, Indian cotton, precious stones
Europe was recovering population expanding
Rulers better at taxing people to fund journeys & build military forces
Growing urbanization and commerce made more wealth available for investments
Eastern goods had been ariving in Europe for centuries but there were probelms
Muslims
Venetians
Need for gold silver
European role in Asian commerce not that significant
Europeans militarized the seaborne commerce of the Indian Ocea
A Portuguese Empire of Commerce
Trading post
Took control over port cities in the Indian Ocean
Issues of piracy, naval warfares and overall violence
"Trading Post Empire"
Controlling commerce by force of arms rather than economic competition
Required incoming merchants to pay duties known as "cartaz"
Sold ship services through taxation
Entry to Asian trade through intermarriage
Spain and the Philippines
First European power to challenge Portuguese claim on Asian trade
Philippines is first found by Ferdinand Magellan on Around the World Voyage
Due to proximity to China and Spice Island
Major missionary efforts (Catholic)
Philippines only major Christian outpost in Asia
Catholicism vs Traditional local culture
Large island of Mindanao merchants had previously introduced Islam
Islamic culture restricts Spanish expansion