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Task 2 (b) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - for example, older people need more vitamin D and calcium(Special Nutrient Needs of Older Adults, 2020)
  - - - being a muslim, Gus is restricted to some foods
        
        all foods need to be halal, which might not necessarily affect Gus' dietary intake. however, Gus will also need to follow Ramadan. this will mean he will need to fasts from dawn to dusk in certain months. this will affect his dietary intake as he won't be eating main meals and therefore he won't be getting the right dietary intake.(Ramadan 2020: Why is it so important for Muslims?, 2020)
  - - - as Gus was a postman, he therefore had quite an active job. having an active job would have meant that he might not have had to concentrate on his diet as much. however, now that Gus is retired, he might put on weight quicker if he doesn't control what he eat.
        
        this will affect his nutritional health in a negative way. Gus may be eating food with the wrong type of nutrients in them
  - - - coeliac disease is a disease where your immune system attacks your own tissues when you eat gluten
      - foods that they will have to avoid include; pasta, cakes, breakfast cereals, bread, some read-meals(Coeliac disease, 2020)
      - having celiac disease will be diffcult for Gus as he can't cook and this will mean he will need to eat ready-made meals which contain gluten. this will make him unwell
      - however, you could also say that this could be a positive as he will need to avoid cakes, which are unhealthy anyways so should be avoided.
      - these foods also contain nutrients like carbohydrates. carbohydrates are important for several reasons in the body. Gus will have to subsitute these foods for gluten free
        
        these could be more expensive in the shops or harder to find. Gus is retired but he also lives a lone so he might not be able to afford it.
  - - - snacking is okay if done healthy, however, Gus might not know this if he never learned how to cook
  - - - gus not being able to cook will affect his dietary intake
        
        not being able to cook will mean he will be buying ready-meals which won't be as healthy as meals made from scratch
        
        Gus was never educated on how to cook therefore he might not understand what is healthy or unhealthy. for example, he might not know about the labelling system on food which would be beneficial for him.
  - - - eating just sandwiches and read-made meals isn't going to be beneficial to is dietary intake. sandwiches don't have all the right nutrients which Gus will need
      - ready-made meals however are an easy form of getting these nutrients. ready-made meals aren't great however. they might not be healthy or contain the right nutrients like freshly cooked meals would be
        
        these meals have already been cooked, cooking methods ulter the nutritional value of the food, therefore, Gus won't have known how these foods were cooked
  - - - however, when Gus is fasting, this might be difficult for Gus as the hot meals might not be available during the time when Gus can eat, which will mean he will have to stick with ready-made meals or sandwiches. this isn't beneficial for Gus's nutritional health,
- - - - this can contribute in both negative and positive ways. by eating a good verity of foods in the right way, Dena will be able to get all of the nutrients she needs. however, she will also need to be careful about not eating too much as she has diabetes and she doesn't want to gain weight.
        
        however, because she is at the age of puperty, she might also start her period. because she is loosing blood every month, she may have iron deficiency anemia, and this will impact her nutritional health in a negative way. Dena might need to take iron tablets or make sure she is getting enough iron in her diet. iron is essential in the body for making blood.
  - - - playing tennis is going to have a positive outcome on her nutritional health. being active is important to maintain a healthy balanced lifestyle.
      - however, in Dena's case, being too active can cause her more harm than good. Type 1 diabetes means that Dena's body doesn't produce insulin. therefore, when Dena plays tennis, her muscles will use more glucose and can cause her to go into a hypoglycemic state.
      - however, exercise can also have a positive effect on her body. exercise lowers cholesterol, relives stress and can help with sleep. it can also help with your mental health.
  - - - health infleuence
        
        because Dena has diabetes, she needs to control when she eat. this means that sometimes she will need to more foods like fruits nuts, vegetables, wholegrain bread, high-fibre cereals etc.
        
        this could be a positive influence on dena because it means she is eating healthier food than unhealthy food which will contribute to her nutritional health in a positive way. she will get enough nutrients in her diet.
        
        however, the body won't be able to process some of these nutrients like carbohydrates as both simple and complex carbs turn into glucose, which cannot be processed in the body due not having any insulin. glucose is then left in the blood stream. a high glucose level can lead to long term and short term effects like cardiovascular disease.
        
        glucose is an important source in the body as it provides the body with energy which Dean needs for not just everyday functions but for playing tennis too.
        
        dena should avoid foods like sugary drinks, trans fats, white bread, fruit flavoured yogurts, honey.
        
        these are unhealthy foods and so this is a good way to avoid unhealthy food that are going to contribute negatively to her nutritional health
  - - - fast foods do not have many nutritional benefits and therefor is Dena is just eating fast foods she could have nutritional deficiency.