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THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The arrival in Italy of Greek scholars
      - The abundance of Roman remains
  - - - The Sforza in Milan
      - The Popes of Rome
      - The Medici in Florence
- - - - 15th century
      - The most important
        
        sculptors are
        
        Ghiberti
        
        Donatello
        
        painters are
        
        Masaccio
        
        Fra Angelico
        
        Botticelli
        
        architects are
        
        Brunelleschi
        
        Alberti
      - In Florence, new Renaissance innovations appeared
        
        Proportion
        
        Harmony
    - - 16th century
      - Rome became the artistic centre
      - In Venice, a new painting style was developed by
        
        Giorgione
        
        Titian
      - The most important artists were
        
        Michelangelo
        
        Raphael
        
        Leonardo da Vinci
    - - 14th century
      - The first artist was Giotto
      - The fist characteristics of the Renaissance appeared
    - - It began in Italy, in 1530
      - Harmony and proportion are abandoned
      - The most important painters are
        
        From Florence
        
        Bronzino
        
        Pontormo
        
        From Venice
        
        Tintoretto
        
        Veronese
      - The most important sculptors are
        
        Cellini
        
        Giambologna
- - - - We can find them in
        
        The church of San Lorenzo by Brunelleschi
    - - We can find them in
        
        The façade of the Basilica Santa Maria Novella
    - - With classical capitals and entablatures
    - - Circular plan
        
        The Tempietto di San Pietro by Bramante
      - Square plan
        
        Villa La Rotonda by Andrea Palladio
      - The shape of a Greek cross
        
        Saint Peter's Basilica by Bramante
    - - Two important examples are
        
        Florence Cathedral by Brunelleschi
        
        Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome by Michelangelo
  - - - The best examples of the civil architecture are in Italy
        
        The main ones are
        
        Hospitals
        
        Example
        
        The Ospedale degli Innocenti in Florence by Brunelleschi
        
        Theatres
        
        Example
        
        The Teatro Olimpico in Venice by Andrea Palladio
        
        Squares
        
        Example
        
        The Piazza del Campidoglio by Michelangelo
        
        Libraries
        
        Example
        
        The Laurentian Library in Florence by Michelangelo
        
        Town halls
        
        Rural villas
        
        Example
        
        The Villa La Rotonda by Andrea Palladio
        
        Urban palaces
        
        The most important ones in Florence are
        
        The Palazzo Medici by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo
        
        The Palazzo Rucellai by Leon Batista Alberti
        
        The Palazzo Pitti by Brunelleschi
        
        The methods they used where the following:
        
        Open
        
        Proportion
        
        Simplicity
      - Architects' objective was to achieve the harmony of classical architecture
- - - - They started to use more expensive materials like marble
      - Instead of creating relief they started to make freestanding sculptures
    - - Ancient techniques were used
        
        Examples
        
        Frescoes on walls
        
        Tempera on wooden panels
      - Oil technique was also used
  - - - This was reflected in this characteristics
        
        The human body
        
        Artists were interested in the anatomy of the human body
        
        They started painting nude bodies again
        
        Examples
        
        The Venuses by Giorgione and Titian
        
        The paintings in the Sistine Chapel or the statue of David by Michelangelo
        
        The search for balance and proportion
        
        Artists arranged the elements of a scene symmetrically
        
        They used a pyramidal composition
        
        They painted the figures in proportion
        
        Exception
        
        Michelangelo, who introduced imbalance in his works
        
        Idealism and serenity
        
        Artists reflected reality
        
        They idealised beauty in their creations
        
        Examples
        
        The Madonnas by Botticelli and Raphael Sanzio
        
        The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci
        
        Exception
        
        Michelangelo, who represented intense emotions
  - - - In the way the subjects were realistically refresented
  - - - Thanks to this, they could give depth and volume to scenes, objects and figures
      - In sculptures
        
        They achieved perspective by creating reliefs
      - In paintings
        
        They put figures in different planes and they put landscapes or architectural features in the most distant one
        
        They used linear perspective
        
        Example
        
        The School of Athens by Raphael Sanzio
        
        It is an arrangement where all the lines in the picture meet in the same point at the back
    - - In this work many characteristics of the Renaissance can be seen
        
        Examples
        
        The inspiration to paint this painting was taken from classical mythology
        
        The painting is symmetrical
        
        Nudity is represented
      - It was painted by Florentine Sandro Botticeli in the 15th century
      - It was painted using the tempera technique
  - - - Prespective
      - The use of oil plants