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medicine 2 - Coggle Diagram
medicine 2
medieval hospitals
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500 hospitals in England (lost to the dissolution of the monasteries) , 10 patients per hospital.
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the poor and elderly benefited, but if you were really sick you were turned away
william harvey
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contribution: challenged the 4 humours and blood letting, blood tests and transfusions, proved that veins have valves which only allow blood to flow one way
monastery
isolated areas, fewer people to spread disease, get away from sinners
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the black death
combination of the bubonic and pneumonic plague. the bubonic plague was caused by fleas and the pneumonic plague was caused by someone who already had the plague sneezing, coughing or being in contact with their blood.
the black death spread due to the crowded places, disposal or bodies and coughing.
respons: people were quarantined, monks and nuns prayed, people wore charms, people went on pilgrimages, people would result to superstition - put shaved chickens on their buboes, flagellation- whipping themselves to get rid of their sin.
consequences: 1.5 million people died, power of the church decreased, lack of food and prices increased, untended animals ran wild, 1/3 of europe died and statute of labour 1351- wages the same but people worked hard- led to the peasants revolt in 1381
symptoms: swelling in the groin & armpits, boils spread, black spots on the arm or thigh
causes: jesus poisoned them, close position of the 3 great planets God is punishing them, state of body- bad indigestion, weaknesses, blockages, bad smells (miasma)
islamic medicine
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the karan told them to take care of the sick and needy, so it is a vital thing to do in their faith
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islamic doctors: Al Razi, Ibn Sinna, Ibn Al Nafi, Abucasis
ambroise pare
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books: he wrote about treating wounds, 'anatomie universale (1561)', 'works on surgery (1575)'
contribution: told people how to treat battle wounds with soothing creams instead of cauterising- egg white, rose oil and turpentine. influenced William Clowes, he invented the crow beak clamp which stopped people bleeding and artificial limbs
plague
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causes: God punishing them for their sins, movement of planets and miasma
response: people were bled (leeches), sniffed a sponge filled with vinegar, William boghurst cut up a live puppy and put it on sores and rich people w=moved to the country
consequences: 1/4 london died, great fire of london cured the plague, started to see the link between dirt and the plague
organised responses: no trade between towns, woman searchers, quarantined houses
18th century hospitals
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modern hospitals: modern treatment to CURE, doctors worked- not just watched someone do it. still primarily based on the 4 humours, high mortality rates from maternity wards
charged the rich- poor for free, orphans have a place to go, babies have a high mortality rate
John Arderne
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success rate- 50%, made his own pain killing treatments which were more effective, worked on battlefields (gave him experience and opportunities), wrote the 'time for practice of surgery' (1350), treated the poor for free and charged the rich, he did surgery when barbour surgeons couldn't