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roots - Coggle Diagram
roots
uses of roots
food storage: masses of parenchyma cells filled with carbohydrates - potatoes, yams.
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aerial roots: used for support, climbing, and/or photosynthesis, depending on the plant.
contractile roots: pull the plant deeper into the soil - that's why dandelions are always just sitting on top of the ground.
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parasitic roots: steal nutrients and water from other plants via haustoria which penetrate host plant tissues.
root structure
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the region of elongation
no movement or happens here anymore - these cells will stay exactly where they are for the rest of their lives
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the region of maturation
also called the region of differentiation, where cells grow up into their big boy jobs
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cortex parenchyma cells store food, usually.
the endodermis (found on the inner boundary of the cortex) manages water uptake. its cells are made impermeable with bands of suberin called Casparian strips. this forces water to enter through the plasma membrane of the epidermis in a more controlled fashion, keeping out harmful substances.
the pericycle is found on the inner boundary of the endodermis and is where branch roots and part of the vascular cambium emerge.
types of roots
taproot: a thick, tapered root that may branch. most dicots have a combination of a taproot and a fibrous root system.
adventitious roots: roots that arise from the stem, leaves, or other part of the plant.
fibrous roots: numerous roots of similar width that form a larger system, as in most monocots.
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