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C4 chemical changes part2 - Coggle Diagram
C4 chemical changes part2
Reaction of acids
Acid + Metal Oxide --> Salt + Water
Acid + Metal Hydroxide --> Salt + Water
e.g. Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide --> copper chloride + water
e.g. Sulfuric acid + potassium hydroxide --> potassium Hydroxide + water
Acid + metal carbonate --> salt + water + CO2
e.g. Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate --> sodium chloride + water + CO2
metal oxides and hydroxides are bases.
can be used in neutralisation
metal carbonates are also bases
can also be used in neutralisation
Reactivity Series
Define, reactivity series: A list of metals, carbon and hydrogen arranged in order of reactivity.
Reactivity series:
Potassium > K
Sodium > Na
Lithium > Li
Calcium > Ca
Magnesium > Mg
Carbon > C
Zinc > Zn
Iron > Fe
Hydrogen > H
Copper > Cu
Most reactive on top, least reactive at the bottom.
Acid + Metal --> Salt + Hydrogen
Group 1 metals (alkali metals) react vigorously with water.
Separating metals from metal oxides
Most metals are found as metal oxides in the form of ores
Common metals like Iron and Aluminium react with oxygen to form metal oxides.
Metals reacting with oxygen is a form of Oxidation.
The process of removing the oxygen from the metal oxide is called Reduction
OILRIG = Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.
Oxidation example = Magnesium + Oxygen --> Magnesium Oxide
Reduction example = Copper oxide + carbon --> copper + carbon dioxide
metals below carbon can extracted from their ore using carbon
metals above carbon can be extracted from their ores using electrolysis.