Software

System software

Operating system

Utility software

Locates free memory (RAM) and allocates it to programs

Manages storage of files/data, unnecessary files can be deleted.

Allocates processing time (using time slices) to programs.

A pre-installed application that carries out a specific task to help the OS

Application software

Packaged

An application widely available for download for everyone

Tailored

A program developed for a specific organisation/people.

Low cost, sometimes free

High cost

e.g. database management for school, bank, etc.

e.g. MS word, photoshop, etc.

Disk defragmentation

Reorganises the hard drive so all the data from a file is stored next to each other for easier access

When data is stored and deleted on a hard drive, it can fragment

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