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Impurities, Solutions, Heating - Coggle Diagram

- - - - fractional distillation
        
        final liquid to distil ovwe is the one with the highest b.p.
        
        the liquid in the mixture with the lowest boiling point (most volatile) distil over first
        
        used to separate any solution containing liquids with different boiling points
        
        fractional distillation has industrial applications: fractions from petroleum and different gases from liquid air
      - cromotography
        
        the ratio of these distance is called the RF value or retention factor and it's used to identify the substance
        
        the distance moved by a particular spot is measured and relates to the position of the solvent front
        
        chromatogram