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Drinks & Drinking 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Also Alcoholic and done through fermentation (similar to Ale)
        
        Cider
        
        With apples
        
        Perry
        
        With pear
        
        Mead
        
        With honey
      - Use product that naturally contains sugar or sometimes yeast (found on the skin of those fruits and has natural ferment) based on their geographic area during the specific point of time
        
        Since there is a natural ferment, the alcoholic strength tend to be quite low. Unless they know how to manipulate the whole fermentation process which eventually meant how to manipulate that process in order to create Spirits
  - - - Consumed by people of higher class in old roman movies
    - - Wine was found in the areas of the Mediterranean
      - Wine are made of grapes and it is indispensable, especially in the celebration of Catholic mass or even the Eucharist
        
        Whenever the Catholic church spread, so did the grape wine
        
        Because the people working for the church produce wine, in this case, the mass and the priest
        
        That's why wine date back very long time in history as one of the earlier famous producer tend to be from the church
        
        Champagne is one of the perfect examples of how wine/sparkling wine was first made in the region of champagne and it is due to a benedictine monk (Dom Pérignon)
        
        Dom Pérignon is a very expensive champagne from the Champagne house Moët & Chandon
        
        Only heard about champagne in the 19th or even the 20th century
    - - Germany is also one of the most important wine-producing countries in the world, from Germany to the northern part of France to England
        
        The England, English wine, tend not to be as popular as they would normally drink beer and spirits
        
        More popular in France, Germany and Spain
      - During this period of time, historians has no way in determining the strength of the wine produced because they don't know how to ferment wine properly
        
        Most probably discovered wine accidentally based on grapes they have harvested as they are unable to store grapes properly
        
        Has grape in the basket left over in a corner, skin of grape has natural fermenting yeast, and when sugar interact with such yeast, fermentation happens
        
        If nothing is done and the juices are collected at the end of the day, they will taste a little fermented
        
        This was probably how wine was made but the alcoholic strength cannot be adjusted
        
        However, there are reports of wine in certain households starting to produce wine of a higher alcoholic strength
      - Quality of wine was very poor (5400 - 5000 BC)
        
        Sometimes a weak and inferior wine was made by pouring water to the pressed grapes then fermenting that liquid
        
        Becomes diluted and became a drink known as "piquette" in French
        
        "piquette" was not served to guest, but to people within the household mainly because it was drunk by the lower class
        
        Shows that not all wines are served to anybody, names are made, in this case, "piquette" refers to people who are poor
        
        Unable to afford wines but can drink wines that are essentially diluted
  - - - Done through fermentation
        
        Popular in Germany, Holland, England (Northern European countries that tend to see soccer as their national sport)
        
        Have sponsor on the jersey , usually by electronic companies or alcoholic companies
        
        National drink of England
        
        Usually sweet, sometimes flavoured with herbs and spices
        
        May come across spoilt Ales if it is not consumed in several days
        
        Because they are usually not factory produce, instead they are home produced - little control and knowledge on how to extend the shelf life
        
        Fermented from barley grains
        
        Similar to beer, but using a different type of fermenting yeast to produce Ales
        
        Has lighter and darker Ales
        
        Dark Ales - Stout
        
        Dependent on how they roast the grains
        
        Unique taste of beer and Ales is usually the taste of bitter
        
        Bitter is often associated with poisonous, but in this case the bitterness comes from the flower 'Hops'
        
        Beer + Hops (bitter)
        
        Impart bitterness and flavour to the drink
        
        Discovered Hops in the 15th century and started to add Hops into their own brewing process - with the presence of hops and bitterness, they created beer
        
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        Brewers could regulate the strength to the Beer and Ale by adding more or less water to the barley and yeast and that is how they control - easier than wine
        
        What is the highest alcoholic strength you can find in beer?
  - - - In restaurant, they would seperate a wine list and a spirits list
      - Not drunk until the later part of the medieval period
        
        Even then, it was not drunk extensively compared to wine, ales and beer
        
        There was a lot more work involved in curating spirits
        
        Requires distillation to get a higher alcoholic strength
        
        Was known to the Arabs only in the 10th century or much earlier, when Indians and the Chinese were one of the first to produce spirits (version of spirits are very different - depends on where they are located and what ingredients is available to them)
        
        Still very much respected today
        
        Knowledge gradually spread throughout medieval Europe
        
        Earliest documentation of the distillation dates back to the 12th century
        
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- - - - During that time, people could only socialize through food - eating and drinking. Alcohol was an essential part of it.
  - - - At first alcohol consumption become integrated into the cultural traditions and rituals because if the drink is produced with low alcoholic content, it is not too expensive - landing itself on society - differentiate people who can afford with those who cannot
  - - - Special and not so special occasion becomes an excuse for drinking
  - - - Raise money by brewing ale, sending equipment owned by the church to the parishioners and visitors from the surrounding area and sending proceeds to both recurrent an extraordinary expenditure such as repair of the church tower
  - - - Contrary to Karl Marx belief, religion was not the opium of the people, alcohol was
        
        Alcohol only provided the only refuge and comfort to the harsh reality of the daily life, and even harsher disaster in the past
        
        "the poor turned to bottle to cope with the harsh realities of daily life"
- - - - Because it is a social act where it involve humans and humans are the creators of the respective rules and norms, rumors about God and beliefs are spread quite easily due to the lack of knowledge during that period of time