Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
1. The Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment - Coggle Diagram
1. The Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment
The Ancien Régime
Is a period that covers the 17th and 18th century. A series of political, social and economic transformations took place. This changes brought about the Modern Age
The bourgeoisie became wealthier and more powerful
Humanism developed
New forms of skilled craftsmanship and increased trade
Advances in science and philosophy
European monarchs became more powerful
New artistic styles
The politics of the Ancien Régime
In the 17th century, absolute monarchy predominate the Western Europe. Called "absolute" because the crown had unlimited authority
Louis XIV was a model for absolute monarchy. He did not call the Estates General. He also controlled the government and intervened in the economy
Spain's power began to decline during the 17th century reigns of the Lesser Hapsburgs.
The economy and society of the Ancient Régime
Ancien Régime economy
Craftworks dominance of the guilds associations of craftsmen in the same trade
Domestic trade grew very little, but the foreign trade was expanding
Traditional agriculture has a low productivity, was not commercial. People farmed their own needs
Mercantilism was based on the idea of a country's wealth depended on how much gold and silver it possessed
The estates of the realm
The nobility and the clergy did not pay tax
The Third Estate had to pay tax
Bourgeoisie composed of prominent merchants and business owners
Petite bourgeoisie composer of small merchants and craftsmen
Peasantry and day labourers
The 18th century: the Enlightenment
Was an important intellectual and a new way of thinking. Enlightenment thinkers criticised political and social structures of the Ancient Régime
Reason is the only real source of knowledge
Science and technological progress
Learning and teaching are essential
Equality and liberty are crucial
The political ideas of the Enlightenment
Montesquieu argued for the separation of powers
Voltaire favoured a strong monarchy
Rousseau introduced the idea of popular sovereignty
The economic ideas of the Enlightenment
Physiocracy is the belief that the wealth of the a nation derives form its natural resources
Craftmanship and trade are secondary activities
The state should not intervene in the economy
Agriculture is a country's main source of wealth
Economic liberalism
Is that the state should not intervene in the processes of production or exchange of goods
Free trade
Free competition
Freedom of production for business owners
Enlightened Despotism
Was a new from of government. Combine absolute monarchy with Enlightenment ideas
They appointed Enlightenment thinkers to important positions
They tried to make changes peacefully
Their maintained their absolute power