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Muscle aging and exercise: a focus on in vitro models - Coggle Diagram
Muscle aging and exercise: a focus on in vitro models
Introduction
Impact of aging/sarcopenia/sedentary lifestyle (Cohen '15, Cruz-Jentoft '19, Endo '20, Handschin '08)
beneficial effects of exercise (Piccirillo '19, Handschin '08, Endo '20)
the need for exercise mimetics and in vitro models (Fan '17, Cohen '15, Cruz-Jentoft '19)
Effects of aging/sarcopenia on skeletal muscle niche (Gopinath '08, Tieland '18, Blau '15, Casati '19)
altered connective tissue
NMJ remodeling
altered immune system
altered microvasculature
impaired satellite cell (Dumont '15)
Benefits of exercise
exercise-induced myokines
apelin (Vinel '18)
IL6 (Bay '20)
Irisin (Bostrom '12)
endurance vs. strength exercise (Piccirillo '19)
overall known macroscopic benefits (Leal '18)
pathways activated by exercise (Fan '17)
In vitro aging models
3D aging
high passage C2C12 (Sharples '12)
human myoblasts (Rajabian '20)
2D aging
BubR1 C2C12 (Nozaki '16)
human MuSCs (Stearns-Reider '17)
In vitro exercise models
in vitro vs in vivo, mouse and human (Nikolic '17)
short-term vs long-term electrophysiological stimulation (Nikolic '17)
modeling of exercise-induced pathways/benefits (Carter '19)
Conclusion
Summary of recent advances in aging and myokines
Summary of recent advances in in vitro models
future work