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BILINGUALISM, SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING, AND ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE,…
BILINGUALISM, SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING, AND ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE
Bilingualism
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Factors affecting are the consequences of colonization, migration, nation-formation, traditions of exogamy, and modernization,
Is a feature of societies, in which two languages are used regularly, or more than one one language has official status or a recurrent function.
The nature of individual bilingualism is quite different in different communities- bilingualism
is the norm for all educated citizens, where bilingualism is the norm for the minority language speakers and those where bilingualism is the norm for the upper classes and better educated but not the relatively powerless.
is often the product of second language (L2) learning after the first language (L1) has been acquired–either through non tutored exposure or through instruction.
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very broad–encompassing individuals who are sophisticated speakers, readers, and writers of
two or more languages/those who use a limited knowledge of a second language (L2) for
purposes and those who may be literate in only one language (or even completely
illiterate).
For example, children growing up in bilingual households–where both parents speak two languages regularly, or where each parent speaks a different language-are typically bilingual from the beginning