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Topic 08 - Sustainability - Coggle Diagram
Topic 08 - Sustainability
8.1 Sustainable Development
Triple Bottom Line
Environment
minimal to no
impact
Social
no negative
social impact
Economic
no exploitation of
locality
(government) or
people
in the manufacturing process
Decoupling
At the moment GDP is related to the amount of resources we consume
Decoupling means untieing this link so the
economy can improve without damaging the environment
International and National Law
Laws that control the processes at each stage of a product life cycle.
National laws benefit the country but are often tied to an
international obligations
International Obligations are set by groups such as the UN
An example is the SDGs - particularly
SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production
Sustainability Reporting
Is a report published by an
organisation or government
, it details what is happening and what can be done by
implementing a strategy
Product Stewardship
Focuses on the
environment, health and safety
Planning, recycling and disposing sustainably
Redesign to use
fewer harmful substances
Consumers have to be
responsible for its disposal
Example is the German
bottle scheme
- pay more, consumers bring the bottle back and it is dealt with
Container Deposit legislation
This is implementing by
manufacturers and designers
- Take-Back Legislation is a method to ensure these people use the scheme
8.2 Sustainability
Types of People
Eco Warriors
People who participate in organisation to raise awareness (
Hippie
)
Eco-Champions
People who used influence (
Greta Thunberg
)
Eco-Fans
People who pursue an environmental sustainable lifestyle (
Rhedd Harris
)
Eco-Phobes
People who ignore sustainability (
Donald Trump
)
Eco-Labelling
Labels seen on Products to rank their sustainability
FairTrade
Energy Efficiency
Rank from
G to A
*
Required in some countries - pushes manufacturers to be more competitive and offer more efficient products
Benefits the users as it is
cost efficient
and benefits the
environment
Incentives to be Sustainable
Legislation
Advertising
Reducing taxes of sustainable products
Increasing taxes on non-sustainable products
Public Awareness
Education in School
Take-Back Legislation
A
legal obligation
for manufacturers to take back their products at the end of their working life and dispose or reuse the product
Mr King's example of the
3D Printing Cartridges
Germany
glass bottle
scheme
Designers
have to consider
maximum re-use
over a
long time
- selective about
construction materials
Manufacturer
must consider manufacturing for
triple bottom line
and re-using the product when it is returned
Consumers
must be prepared to pay
more
8.3 Sustainable Design
Green Design vs Sustainable Design
Green Design
Philosophy where designing sustainable is an
advantage
Sustainable Features without
compromise
of
performance, quality or function
Sustainable Design
Sustainability a
disadvantage
Focuses on
particulate emissions, thermal discharge, waste discharge
Datschefski's 5 Principles
Cylic
Made out of Renewable/Recycled Materials
Solar
Uses Renewable Energy when in use
Safe
Reduced Emission
Efficient
Uses
less resources for the output
- reduces
user cost
and impact on the
environment
Social
Considers the
workforce
, how the product
integrates with society
- mass production?
8.4 Sustainable Innovation
Has
Bottom and Top-Line
Returns. Its lowers impact on the
environment
and
resources
uses which means it is
cheaper
to manufacture.
Top & Bottom Down Strategies
TOP
from the
biggest
area (shell or international)
Global/National
Initiatives
Managements of
resources
/
finances
Provides
Targets
Better for designers, means
investment
and
resources
are available
BOTTOM
from the
smallest
(components or local)
Involves Action
Trying to achieve something even when its not
cost-effective
Often a
lack of investment
which means
compromise
still have to be made
Negative Aspects
Time
Redefines
conditions and criteria
20-40 years
Requires
implementation
Development
Technological Development
Socio-Technical Systems (interactions between and and technology)
Government Intervention
Regulation
Requirements
for product/components/systems to meet
Education
Giving
consumers
accurate guidance to choose
more
sustainable products
Taxes
Penalize
damaging
products
or
technologies
that influence consumers' choice in a
negative
way
Subsidies
Stimulate R&D into sustainability. The
company profits
from finance which means
cheaper products
are developed. This
trickles down
to benefit the
consumer
Macro/Micro Energy Sustainability
Macro
Large
Scale
International Treaties - incentives or disincentives
Micro
Local
Town proposing a solar panel scheme
Energy Security
Energy, Water Food Nexus
Timing
Lowers Electricity prices at night to
disperse
the demand for electricity