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Photosynthesis, Light Reaction, Dark Reaction - Coggle Diagram
Photosynthesis
Introduction
Introduction
1) What is Photosynthesis basically? (name the raw materials and products formed and which one is by-product)
2) What are the energy changes occurring here?
3) Nature of the reaction
( anabolic, endergonic and oxido-reduction process) :star:
4) Simple equation to represent photosynthesis
5) Importance of Photosynthesis (2)
6) Fact about the dry matter produced by land and aquatic plants
Early Experiments
Joseph Priestley's Experiment
1) What did this experiment prove?
2) Explain how he did this experiment?
3) What were the conclusions that he made?
Jan Ingenhousz's Experiment (I forget this a lot)
1) What did this experiment prove?
2) Explain how he did this experiment?
3) Which plant did he use?
Julius Von Sachs' Experiment: (Remembering trick: Sachs - chloroplast sac)
1) What did this experiment prove?
2) What did he call the spherical bodies?
3) In which form is food stored in plants?
T.W Engelmann's Experiment: :star:
1) What did this experiment help with?
2) Which organism did he experiment on?
3) What kind of bacteria did he use? (aerobic or anaerobic) and name.
4) What was the function of these bacteria?
5) How did he do this experiment?
6) What were his observations?
7) What were his conclusions?
Cornelius van Neil's experiment:
1) What did he tell in this hypothesis?
2) Which microorganism did he use in this experiment? (I forget this a lot)
3) Where is hydrogen released from?
4) How was this hypothesis proven?
Ruben, Kamal et al. Experiment
1) What kind of oxygen did they use?
Verification Experiments
1) To prove light and chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis.
i) What colours do starch test produce?
2) To prove CO2 is necessary for Photosynthesis
i) What is the name of the experiment
ii) What is the chemical used in this expt.
Where does Photosynthesis take place?
i) Where does photosynthesis take place in green plants? (2)
ii) Which is the most photosynthetically active part of the plant? Why?
iii) What is PAR? What is it's range? What is normal light range?
Chloroplasts
i) What is a chloroplast?
ii) In which organisms are it present in? (Eukary/ Prokary or both?)
iii) Comment on the membrane system present in chloroplast. (3 membranes actually....well sorta)
iv) Terms to note:
a) Thylakoid
b) Grana/Granum
c) Stroma
d) Stroma Lamellae
v) Where do Light and Dark reactions take place? (why are they called so?)
vi) What kind of DNA and ribosomes are present in chloroplasts?
Photosynthetic Pigments
1) What is a pigment?
2) What are the 4 types of pigments and what are their respective colours?
3) Structure of Chlorophyll Pigments:
i) What are the 2 components of a pigment?
a) Porphyrin head:
i) What is the structure of this part?
ii) What are other molecules that have a similar structure?
iii) What process takes place here?
iv) What kind of metal ion is present here?
b) Phytol tail:
i) What is this chain made up of?
ii) What is the main function of this?
4) What are the accessory pigments(what is it also called?) and primary pigments?
ii) Give their functions (2 for A.P and 1 for P.P)
Absorption Spectrum
1) What does this graph show? Try and draw it.
Action Spectrum
1) What does this graph show? (Pg 94).Try and draw it.
Draw the correlation graph between them
Light Reaction
Electron Transport System
1) This is basically the downhill movement of an excited electron. But what is the main purpose of this?
2) Which molecule will be able to be produced by this mechanism?
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Chemiosmotic Hypothesis
1) Who explained it?
2) What does this mechanism explain?
3) What does the Chemiosmosis process require? (4)
4) Why is it called chemiosmosis?
5) What process is linked with ATP Synthesis?
6) For the proton gradient to occur, where should the H+ conc. be more and less?
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Formation of ATP:
1) How is the gradient broken down (the type of diffusion)? What is the importance of this breakdown?
2) Where is the energy for ATP synthesis derived from? (closely related to the 1Q.
2) Which enzyme is responsible for ATP synthesis?
3) Name the 2 components of this enzyme.
4) What role does each play?
5) What happens to the CF1 part during synthesis?
6) True or False. NADPH and ATP are required for synthesis of food materials.
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Introduction
1) Why is this called the light reaction?
2) What phase of photosynthesis is this?
3) What is this phase responsible for the formation of? (Its not starch and all)
4) What different phenomena are included here?
Miscellaneous
1) Between NADPH and ATP, which ones are related to ETS and Photophosphorylation?
Dark Reaction
Types of Cycles
C3 Cycle
1) V.I.P statement about this cycle's occurrence :star:
Process
2) What is the primary acceptor of CO2? How many carbon atoms does it have?
3) What acceptor did scientists initially think it was?
4)
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Introduction
1) Why is it called the dark reaction? Does it actually occur in the dark (i.e is it light driven)?
2) Which phase of photosynthesis is this?
3) Where does it occur? :star:
4) What is it "directly" dependent on and what is it not dependent on? How can we verify this fact? (key phrase: continues for some time)
5) Which cycle occurs in dark reaction in ALL plants?
6) What is the cycle that can support the above cycle in certain plants. (Give the other name for it)
7) Why were these cycles named as C cycles?
8) What form of carbon did Melvin Calvin use for his experiments?
9) Which organism did he experiment on?