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changing infrastructure in the uk - Coggle Diagram
changing infrastructure in the uk
Road network development
car ownership 4.5 million cars in 1958 to 31.4 million cars in 2014
deaths halved in this time.
motorways opened up commuter and leisure opportunities
increase in traffic
M25 - 1986 has expanded to 4 or 5 lanes in places to reduce traffic congestion
however the Heathrow section still remains prone to congestion
Smart motorways are being. created to increase safety.
Rail connections across London and the UK
Regional railway connections
as roads become. congested railways become more attractive
Tunbridge Wells in Kent to London, an important computer link, saw train frequency double from two to four trains per hour
SE increase in concentration of railways
Crossrail
By December 2019 Crossrails 200m long trains should allow E to W travel for 1500 people at a time across London
Wont have to change stations
multiple links to London undeground system
26 miles of tunnel constructions - largest such project in europe
HS1 and HS2
improve the quality of rail networks across the country
Debate about making outer areas of the UK accessible
fast line - Lomdon Euston to Glasgow has already started improving journey times
HS2 - London - Birmingham planned for 2026 by 2033 sections to Manchester and Leeds will be in place
routes are faster and more direct - benefit cities
The channel Tunnel Rail Link
St Pancras international station is the UK hub of the Eurostarnetwork. Linking into the national rail system
provides direct access to Paris, Lille and Brussels
UK ports
95% of our internatiaonal trade is transported by sea
Dover is the biggest role on role off ferries, carrying trucks, cars and passengers.
Felixtowe - largest container port in the UK
Southampton - is the most
Airport traffic and capacity
Londons airport carries 133 million passengers (2011)
Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted, Luton