CHAPTER 5- THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION
THE NATURAL RESOURCES
Clean, pure mountain air
land
The mineral water
The water in lakes and seas
The environment
The farmed environment
The built environment
The natural environment
Wildlife
Natural resources
Seas
Caves
River and lakes
Beaches
Mountainous areas
Natural woodland
Villages and townscapes
Transport infrastructure
Individual building and structures
Dams and reservoirs
Water
Climate
Air
Agriculture Landscape
Man- made forests
Fish farms
Birds
Flora
Land based mammals and reptiles
Insects
Fish and marine mammals
- THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
MAJOR POTENTIAL IMPCATS
FLORAL AND FAUNAL SPECIES COMPOSTITON
NATURAL RESOURCES
ESOSIAN
VISUAL IMPACTS
POLLUTION
Water pollution
Air pollution
Noise pollution
Facilities
Litter
Sewage, algal blooms
Change in land used for primary production
Change in Hydrological patterns
Change in risks of occurrence of fire
Damage to river banks
Change in risk of avalanche occurrence
Damage to geological features
Killing of animals through hunting
Creation of a wildlife reserve
Disruption of breeding habits
- THE FARMED ENVIRONMENT
Intensive crop-rearing
Nomadic communities of people engaged in live-stock raising
Monocultural cash crops
Areas where timber is farmed
Traditional Mixed farming
Negative impacts
New tourism developments eat up farm land and use water that is required for agriculture
The jobs offered in tourism may tempt young people to give up farming.
Tourist can trample crops, or light fires in woodland that get out of control
- WILDLIFE
Tourism which is based on hunting wildlife including fishing trips
Visitors attraction
Marine life
Traditional events
Major attraction for tourist
The exploitation of animals
- THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Harmful to wildlife
Disrupting breeding patterns
Fires in woodlands
Affecting feeding habits
People picking rare plants
The destruction of habitats
Less than 3 levels
Small- scale settlements
Large-scale settlements
Individual buildings and structure
Several dimensions to the built environment
Historic villages
Historic buildings
Modern architecture
Old Building
Historic building
Modern purpose-built tourist resorts
Individual building and architecture
Tourism infrastructure
THE 5 ASPECTS OF THE OF THE ENVIRONMENT: SOME GENERAL COMMENTS
Provide amotivation for governments to conserve the natural environment and wildlife
Raise tourist awareness of environmental issues and lead them campaign foe environmental protection
Keep farms viable
Provide new uses for derelict buildings in towns and cities
TOWARDS A MORE SUSTAINABLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM AND ENVIRONMENT
Visual impacts
Restoration
Infrastructure
Erosion
Urban form
Pollution
Air pollution from non-tourist
Air pollution from tourist and tourist traffic
Damage to built assets from feet and vehicular traffic (including vibration effects)
Restoration and preventions of historic building and sites
Restoration of derelict buildings as second homes
Re- use of disused buildings
New architectural styles
Litter
Growth of the built- up area
Beautification
Environmental management to adapt areas for tourist use
Provision of new infrastructure or upgrading of existing infrastructure
Overload of intrastructure
Change to the urban fabric
Change in residential, retail or industrial land uses
The concept of ecosystem
Regulation of the negative impacts
Encouraging Good practice
Designed to be energy- efficient
Built to an appropriate site
Keeping a sense of proportion
Paying a price that covers the environmental costs of tourism
Raising awareness amongst tourist and the industry
Maintaining a balance between conservation and development
THE DANGERS OF CONSERVATION
Clear link between tourism and conservation
Many conservation projects are wholly or partly funded by income from tourism
The destruction of the environment caused by large- scale
A major attraction of tourists has given an economic motivation for conservation
CONCLUSION
Tourism can have both negative and positive impacts
environmental conservation has some inherent dangers
The environment has five elements
Set of principles that might make tourism more environmental friendly