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Demographic Patterns - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Increasing demands for food, fuel, shelter
      - Continent's forests are disappearing at the fastest rate in the world
      - Natural environments are increasingly strained which threatens Africa's wildlife and hardships for people who live off the land
    - - A third of people in the world still earn a living at a job but also by growing things, catching things or picking them up off the ground
    - - Solutions
        
        Not degrading the ecosystems so that the people who depend on them can still have a chance at a decent life
        
        Family planning: which has cut fertility from seven to four children per woman
        
        If Kenya can keep down fertility rates the resources that would have grown to children can be devoted to building up a productive capacity of the economy
        
        Finding a solution against AIDS and HIV because the epidemic is spreading fast leading to millions and millions of people dying, children being orphaned
    - - In 1950, had one third as many people as Europe, by 250 this will be triple the size of Europe
      - They embrace family planning which is one of the oldest and most successful programs in Kenya
      - Families around six children each but that has fallen to four now
      - For the first time in history, Kenya has death rates rising, no falling due to AIDS/HIV
    - - Fastest growing region in the world, but with high death rates which has a huge effect on its population size
      - Age structure is so young which leaves the population for a chance to double over this century
      - The increase in population growth challenges nations education system, infrastructures, health system and places a heavy burden on economy and governmental system
        
        Falling per capita incomes, deteriorating social services and conflict
      - Dropouts in school
      - AIDS have reversed population growth
- - - - Air pollution
      - Water pollution
      - Soil contamination
    - - Solutions
        
        Mr. Ohno stated a solution: not to rely on his children or the government but to rely on health and stay healthy for longer life
        
        To keep the workforce from shrinking, Japan would need to take in 600,000 immigrants per year
        
        Women should be working to give family extra source of income
        
        Keep down fertility rates and transformed poor nations by creating jobs for youth
    - - Two main religions: Shinto and Buddhism
      - Family unit called "Kazoku"
      - Japan is shaped by Globalism
    - - By 2050, one in three Japanese will be over the age of 65
      - Impeding decline of the population will become a national crisis with blame targeted against the increasing number of unmarried youth
      - Japans population pyramid looks like India's turned upside down with elderly outnumbering the young
      - Japans population is expected to shrink by half with one out of every 3 people retired
    - - Socio-Economic factors
        
        Economy has been in recession since 1989-1990
        
        Women have to work to keep their family's middle class, especially if they have children because it is a lot to give their child an education
        
        In Japan poverty is most common for children living in single parent households
        
        Not enough young people entering the work force to support those retiring, this means fewer workers and fewer consumers with business plummeting
        
        Japan is in a financial crisis which could undermine to global economy
- - - - Global warming
      - Species conservation
      - Deforestation
      - Nuclear Accidents
      - Waste and over population
    - - Value equal opportunity, achievement and success, material comfort, activity, work, democracy and free enterprise
      - Americans prefer luxurious and large
    - - The decline in fertility and family size will now allow the country to save on some of their resources but this could change because it is an ever growing country and economy
    - - 300-400 million people which keeps us vibrant as a country, but we also need more resources than any other nation and generate one quarter of the greenhouse gases contributing to global warming
      - Average family size is now at or below 2 children which has slowed population growth
    - - Baby boomers larger than any other country
      - Lots of young people to support the elderly but not enough social security
      - Third most populous nation which it will remain that way for next 50 years
- - - - Cultural factors
        
        Muslims
        
        In Northern India women prefer to birth sons because it's the son who is supposed to stay and look after his old parents and girls are someone else's assets
        
        Hindu wedding blessings pray that a wife will bear eight sons
        
        Sexual reproductive health decisions are made by men
        
        Buddhists
        
        95% of marriages are arranged marriages
        
        Bride burning is common
    - - Solutions
        
        Lower fertility rates means resources grow to children
        
        Slowing down number of children being birthed in Northern India
        
        Only have one or two sons
        
        Reduce population growth but not sex selective abortion
        
        Needing to increase employment opportunities for women
    - - The south is very well educated where north is and where their demographic future lies
      - Average of three children per women
      - Uttar Pradesh
      - Age structure of India's population resembles a pyramid with youth at its base
    - - Air Pollution
      - Poor management of waste
      - Growing water scarcity
      - Failing groundwater tables
      - Waste Pollution
      - Preservation and quality of forests
      - Biodiversity loss
      - Chronic water shortages
      - Land and soil degradation
      - Rapid population growth can mean difficulties when it comes to growing food for everyone
    - - Corruption
      - Poverty: daughters are seen as economic liability