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Adaptation Of The Rainforest Biome - Coggle Diagram
Adaptation Of The Rainforest Biome
Climate
Temperature
Extreme Heat
Sun hits Directly
28 Degrees
Never drops below 20 degrees
12 Hours of Sunlight all year round
Great for Photosynthesis
Ideal Conditions for Vegetation Growth
Precipitation
Convectional Rainfall
Rains Everyday
6,000 mm Rainfall Annually
Supplies The Amazon with Water
Rainforests Generate 75% of their Rain
Mostly Through Transpiration
Trees Release 755 Litres of Water per Year
Humidity
80% Humidity
High Moister from Rainfall
Transpiration
Hot and Moist
Helps Cloud Formation
Seasons
No Conventional Seasons
Wet Season and Dry Season
6 Months Each
Location
10 Degrees North and South of the Equator
Called the Tropics
South America. Africa and South East Asia
Soils
Humus
Hot and Humid
Perfect for Bacteria
Rapid Decomposition
Rapidly Absorbed by Plants
Doesn't go into the Soil
Water Content
Wet Soils
Dry Out and Harden Quickly
Highly Permeable
Texture
Varity of Textures
Made by Igneous and Metamorphic Rock
Sandy Texture
Leaching
Extreme Leaching
Infertile
Deep Soil
All that's left is Iron and Aluminium
Colour
Red
Ferralsols
Rusted Iron and Aluminium
pH
Vegetation
Prevents Soil from being too Acidic
Deforestation Increases Acidity
Depth
Very Deep
Chemical Weathering on the C Horizon
Nutrient Cycle
Super Short
Fast Plant Growth
Humus is Formed and Used before Leaching Occurs
Flora
Background
40,000 Species
Perfect Conditions for Plant Growth
Grow in 4 Layers
Reduce Competition
Emergent Layer
Tallest Trees
40-80 Meters in Height
Hugely Important Economically
E.g. Brazil Nut Tree
Used for its
Nuts
Latex
Smooth Trunks
Buttress Roots
Animals
Spider Monkeys
Hummingbirds
Canopy Layer
Just Below the Emergent Layer
20-40 Meters in Height
80% of Sunlight Absorbed
Sheltering Plants below from getting Water and Light
Bromeliads are found here
Lianas
Form of Climbing Vine
Understory
Just below the Canopy
Very Little Light
Spiders, Snakes, Lizards and insects live here
Forest Floor
Hot, Dark and Damp
Only gets 2% of Sunlight
Plants have Huge Leaves
Elephant Ear Plant
3m Wide Leaves
Corpse Flower
Lots of Decomposition occurs here
Most Fertile part of the Rainforest
Carnivores live here
Fauna
Most Animals Live in the Canopy Layer
Tree frog
Spider Monkey
Flying Squirrel
Adaptations of Plants
Adaptations of Leaves
Plants Need to shed Water that Lands on them
This causes them to develop a 'Drip Tip' Leaf
90% of Amazonian Plants have this
Prevents Mould growing on their leaves
Have Grooves to channel away the water
Waxy Leaves
Prevent Water Loss
Leaves on The Forest Floor
Very Large
To Catch the Most Sunlight
Adaptations of Roots and Trunks
Tree's Grow Very Tall
E,g Mahogany
Thin, Smooth Bark
Prevents Vines climbing it
Prop Roots
Stilt Roots
Air Roots
Absorb Moister in the Air
Epiphytes
Grow on the Surface of Other Plants
E.g. Bromeliads, Orchids & Corpse Flower
Bromeliads
Grow on Branches of Trees
Hold 20Ltrs of Water in Their Tank
Store debris and water to survive
Supports a diverse ecosystem
Parasitic Plants
Survive on the Nutrients of another Plant
E.g.
Lianas
Woodie Vines
Use Tree Trunks for Support
To Reach Sunlight
Corpse Flower
Lives Within other Plants
Appart from when it blosems into aHuge Flower
This flower has a vile smell
Attracts Flies for Seed Dispersal
Nutrient Absorption
Plants Live Without Soil
Soils have Low Nutrients anyway
E.g.
Silver Vase Plant
Bromeliad
Survive on Decaying Plant Litter for Nutrients
Adaptations of Animals
Camouflage
E.g.
Stick Insects
Hide From Predators
Resemble a Leaf or Moss
Jaguars
Resemble the Light passing Through the Canopy
Allow them to not be Spotted by Prey
Three Toed Sloth
Moves Slowly
Algae grows on him
Camouflages him
Poison Dart Frog
Brightly Coloured
Warns Predators about his Poison
Body Structure
E.g.
Flying Squirrels
Flaps between their Front and Back Legs
Help them Glide through the Trees
Aids their Travel of the Jungle
Spider Monkeys
Prehensile Tail
Aids in Climbing Trees
Curved, Hook-like Trees
Gecko
Use tails to help Balance
Camouflage user
Animal-Plant Relationships
Interdependence
Plants and Animals need Each other to Survive
Seed Dispersal and Food Supply