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URI - Coggle Diagram
URI
Pseudoephedrine
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MOA
Directly stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors of respiratory mucosa causing vasoconstriction; directly stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors causing bronchial relaxation, increased heart rate and contractility
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Regimen
Oral: Immediate release: 60 mg every 4 to 6 hours; Extended release: 120 mg every 12 hours or 240 mg every 24 hours; maximum: 240 mg per 24 hours
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ADR
HTN, tachycardia, dizziness, dry nose, rebound nasal congestion
Guaifenesin
Adverse Effects
Dizziness, drowsiness, headache, GI effects
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MOA
central antitussive effect, or a peripheral effect by increased sputum volume serving as a barrier shielding cough receptors within the respiratory epithelium from the tussive stimulus
PK/PD
Renal excretion, well absorbed
Regimen
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ER: 600 mg to 1,200 mg every 12 hours as needed
Dextromethorphan
MOA
Decreases the sensitivity of cough receptors and interrupts cough impulse transmission by depressing the medullary cough center through sigma receptor stimulation
ADR
Dizziness, somnolence, fatigue
Interactions
Caution with 2D6 inhibitors, serotonergic drugs
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sign/sx/diagnosis
conjunctival injection, nasal mucosal swelling, nasal congestion, and pharyngeal erythema. Adenopathy is typically absent or minimal; in the absence of secondary bronchospasm, the lung examination is typically clear.
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