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Reproduction, Fertilization requires the production of gametes…

- - - - Eukaryotic cells
      - Prokaryotic cells
- - - - Humans, Chickens
    - - Corals
    - - Sperm
        Male gamete
        
        Spermatogenesis
        The creation and development of mature sperm cells
      - Ovum
        Female gamete
        
        Oogenesis
        The creation and development of mature ova cells
      - Stages of Meiosis
        
        Interphase
        
        Prophase
        
        Metaphase
        Homologous pairs line up in the middle of the cell
        
        Anaphase
        Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes and pull them apart
        
        Telophase
        The gradual formation of new organelles and a nuclear envelope around the separated chromosomes
        
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        Crossing over occurs
        Homologous chromosomes swap alleles from similar locations
    - - Zygote (Diploid)
  - - - Testes
        The male gonads; responsible for producing androgens and gametes
        
        Epidydimis
        Where the sperm matures
        
        Vas Deferens
        A tubular structure which through which the gametes pass in order to be delivered
        
        Seminal Vesicle
        A gland that secretes a lot of the complementary fluids that make up semen
        
        Prostate Gland
        A gland that secretes enzymes, which help the fluidity of semen
        
        Urethra & Penis
        The tubular structure through which both semen and urine are expelled from the body
    - - Ovaries
        The female gonads; responsible for producing androgens and gametes
        
        Fallopian tube
        The tubular structure through which the ovum passes to be fertilized
        
        Uterus
        The hollow structure to which the zygote attaches and develops to become an embryo, fetus and eventually a baby
        
        Cervix
        Cylindrical tissue, which resembles a valve and connects the uterus to the vagina
        
        Vagina
        an elastic, muscular canal which connects the uterus to the external environment; it performs a lot of functions related to sexual activity and child birth
        
        Zygote
        The fertilized ovum cell
        
        Fetus
        An unborn organism, which has passed the 9th week of development
        
        Embryo
        An unborn organism, who is in the stage of development of vital organs and body structures (typically around the 2nd to 8th week)
        
        Endometrium (Uterine lining)
        The inner lining of the uterus, which undergoes structural and functional changes during the menstrual cycle, receives the zygote and supports the development of a placenta