Treating the arrhythmia: a rate-control treatment (beta-blocker, rate-limiting calcium channel blocker, or digoxin) is recommended for most people with AF. Referral for rhythm-control treatment (cardioversion), in addition to rate-control treatment, may be appropriate if the person has AF with a reversible cause (for example a chest infection); heart failure thought to be primarily caused, or worsened, by AF; or new-onset AF.