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Plato, Not Philosopher, Philosopher - Coggle Diagram
Plato
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Theory of Ideas
Theory of ideas is a philosophical concept attributed to Plato which states that the physical world is not as real or true as timeless, unchangeable ideas. Ideas in this sense are the non physical essence of all things which matters and objects in the real world are mere imitations.
Reality is a shadow of ideas, explained through allegory of caves.
Concerned with defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian war. Found that ignorance was the root cause of corruption and corruption the reason for defeat.
Theory of Soul
There are two aspects of personality physical and spiritual. Physical body is the decaying part, while soul is permanent.
When we die soul returns to the Kingdom of God. Kingdom of God is the Kingdom of Perfection. When on earth, the soul recollects and compares the world with the kingdom of God.
Soul has three elements: Reason, Courage, Appetite and persons are classified as gold, silver, bronze respectively.
Since every soul is not equal, every soul is not capable of equal comprehension. Only in those whom reason dominates can emulate the idea of perfection to the maximum extent as perfection is an idea and idea can be only understood through perfection.
Theory of Justice
Derived it through dialectics, after dialogue with 5 people
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Plato's idea of justice:
For Plato, justice is an attribute of mind which displays itself in a just political and social order. It is therefore, relation between individuals depending on social and political organization. It is to be studied as a part of structure of community rather than quality of individual.
Idea of justice in the state should be the application of idea of justice in the individual, i.e reason dominates over courage and appetite. Only then can we achieve excellence and harmony.
In Republic, justice explained under the name 'dikaisyne' which comes close to morality. Plato's justice therefore elaborates on person's duty towards others and his conduct with others.
Theory of Education
State sponsored, state controlled, no gender discrimination.
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Theory of Communism
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If education is primary machinery, to create ideal state, communism is supplemental machinery
Philosopher King
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Has absolute power in matters of governance and policy but can't change the constitution, i.e. Republic.
Criticized by Aristotle and Lord Acton, mended his ways in the LAWS.
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