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Conditionals and mix conditionals - Coggle Diagram
Conditionals and mix conditionals
Type 0 Conditionals
It is used to express a general truth or a scientific fact. In this type of conditionals we can use when instead of
if
Structure
If/When + Present Simple → Present Simple
Example
If/When you freeze water, you get ice
Type 1 Conditionals
It is used to express a real or very probable situation in the present or future.
Structure
If + Present Simple → Future simple, imperative, can/must/may/etc + Present bare infinitive
It also can be used with unless + affirmative verb (= if + negative verb)
Examples
If I had money, I would give you some.
I won't be able to help unless you explain what the problem is.
If the hypothesis comes before the main clause, we separate them with a comma. When the main clause comes before the hypothesis we don't use a comma to separate them.
Type 2 Conditionals
It is used to express imaginary situations, which are contrary to facts in the present and, therefore, are unlikely to happen in the present or future.
We caun use either were or was for all persons in the if-clause. We can also use if I were you to give advice.
Structure
Examples
If he knew the answer to the questions, he would tell us.
If I was flying to Australia, I would fly first class.
If I were you, I might buy a bigger house.
If + Past Simple/ Past Continous → Would/Could/Might + Present Bare Infinitive
Type 3 Conditional
It are used to express imaginary situations, which are contrary to the facts in the past. They are also used to express regrets or criticism.
Structure
If + Past perfect/Past perfect continous → Would/Could/Might + have + Past participle
Example
If she had asked me to babysit the boys, I would have looked after them.
If I hadn't been tired last night, I could have met my friends in town.
Mixed Conditionals
It We can form mixed conditionals, if the context permits it by combining and if-clause from one type with a main clause from another
Examples
If I am as talented as you say
(Type 1)
, I should have been a rock star by now
(Type 3)
.
If you were less careless
(Type 2)
, you wouldn't have made so many silly mistakes in your project.
(Type 3)
.
If I hadn't left my wallet at home
(Type 3)
, I would have some money with me now
(Type 2)
.