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The iberian peninsula between the 11th and the 13th centuries,…
The iberian peninsula between the 11th and the 13th centuries
The political and territorial decline of Al- Andaluz
The taifas
1031-1085
Each taifa included
A main city
A surroundig territory
Dominated by one ethinc group
There were three main Ethinc groups
Muslims
Eastern part of the peninsula
Berbers
Malaga
Sevilla
Arabs
Badajoz
Toledo
Sevilla
Zaragoza
Cordoba
Murcia
Alfonso VI of Leon conquered Toledo (1085)
The Almohads
1147-1224
After conquering Marrakech in 1147
Replaced the almoravids in North Africa
Entered in the Peninsula
1172
They implanted greater religious radicalism
1195
Defeated Alfonso VIII of Castilla at Alarcos
1212
Thet were defeated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
1224
Al-andalus collapsed into third taifa period
1238-1492
From 1238 to the end of the muslim power andalusi territory was reduced to
Narsrid Kingdom of Granada
The Almoravids
1085-1144
After conquest of Toledo
King of teifas asked for aid to the Almoravids
The Almoravides were nomadic Berbers
Had formed a large empire in north africa
At the begining of the 11th century
Capital in Marrakech
Enteredin the peninsula in 1086
Defeated the army of Alonso VI of León
In the Battle of Sagrajas
In 1145
Began the second taifa period
Consolidation and advance of Chriistian kingdom
The kingdoms of Castilla and Leon
Become consolidated into a single kingdom
1230
Fersinad III definitively inited both kingdoms
Territorial expansion divided in several stages:
11th century
Reached the Tagus after conquest of toledo By Alfonso VI
12th century
Cuenca was conquered
13th century
Extremadura and Guadarquivir were incorporated
The Eastern states and kingdoms
The Crown of Aragón
Was formed in 1137
al-Andaluz
12th century
Tolosa
1148
Lleida
1149
Teruel
1171
13 th century
Jaime I incorpored
Mallorca
1229-1231
Valencia
1238
Mediterranean
Island of Sicily was conquered
1282
Dates
Aragon and Navarra were united
1076 and 1135
Conquered the Ebro Valley
1118
Taking Zaragoza
Tarazona
1119
Daroca
1129
The King of Navarra
In the middle of 13th century
The ties with Frances via matrimonial alliances were formed
Conquest of Calahorra
1045
After separing of Aragón
Urdenwent attempts at annexation by Castilla and Aragón
The Kingdom of Portugal
Portugal become independent of Leon
1143
Intiated own territorial expansion towards the south
1147
Expansion ended in 13th century
Ocupation of Algarave by Alfonso III
Goverment and administration of the Christian Kingdoms
The Peninsula monarchies
The peninsula startes were goberned by kings.
Castilla
Unitary monarchy
The autority of the king greater
That power came from the God
Crown of Aragón
A federal monarchy
Composed of several kingdoms
Aragón
Catalonia
Mallorca
Valencia
Their own
Istitutions
Customs
Laws
The pact-based system
The king has less authority
Institutions: curia, courts and Councils
The kings incorporated wealthy members
End of 12th at begining of 13 th century
The birth of Courts assemblie made up of representatives of three classes
In Castilla one Court for whole kingdom
In the crown of Aragon
Each kingdom had its own Court except Mallorca
In Navarra the Court recive the French name
Birth of courts the function of advising the king moved to other organism
The council at all the kingdoms
European kingdom
Governed with help of the
Curia Reia
Royal Council
Made up of members
Church
Noble members
Territorial and municipal administration
Was very complex
The king only controlled his own manor
Called realengo
The cities also broad economic autonomy and their own goverment
Fell first to
Municipal council
The Concejo