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Ch6S1 "Electric Charge" - Coggle Diagram
Ch6S1 "Electric Charge"
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Conservation of charge
The law of conservation of charge states that charge can be transferred from object to object, but it cannot be created or destroyed. Usually, it is the electrons that transfer from one object to another and not the protons.
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Charges exert forces
Unlike charges attract each other, and like charges repel each other. Charged particles do not attract or repel particles with no charge, such as neutrons, through the electric force. The force between electric charges depends on the amount of charge as well as on the distance between charges. The force increases as the amount of charge increases and as the charges get closer together. The force between any two objects that are electrically charged decreases as the objects get farther apart.
Example: As clothes tumble in a dryer, the atoms that make up some clothes gain electrons and becomes negatively charged. The atoms that make up other clothes lose electrons and become positively charged. Clothes that are oppositely charged attract each other and stick together.
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Electric fields
Electric charges do not need to be touching to exert forces on each other. An electric field surrounds every electric charge and exerts the force that causes other electric charges to be attracted or repelled. Any charge that is placed in an electric field will be pushed or pulled by the field.
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Thunder and grounding
Thunder
Lighting generate a flash of light and powerful sound waves. The electrical energy in a lightning bolt rips electrons off atoms in the atmosphere and produces great amounts of heat. The heat causes air in the lightning bolt's path to expand rapidly, producing sound waves that you here as thunder.
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Grounding
Earth is a large, neutral object that is also a conductor of charge. Any object connected to Earth by a good conductor will transfer any excess electric charge to Earth. Connecting an object to Earth with a conductor is called grounding.
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Electroscopes
An electroscope is a device that can detect electric charge. The most common of this, is made of two thin, metal leaves attached to a metal rod. When the device is not charged, the leaves hang straight down. When the device is charged, electric forces push the leaves apart so they are separated.
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