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Nonvascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts - Coggle Diagram

- - - - bryophytes
    - - spermatophytes
- - - - gametophores
        
        Grow from an apical meristem
      - stems
        
        slender
        
        little tissue differentiation
    - - hydroids
        
        innermost cortex of cells
        
        conduct water and dissolved materials
        
        Contain leptoids
        
        resemble sieve tube members
        
        lack nuclei at maturity
      - rhizoids
        
        at base of stem
        
        penetrate surface of substrates
        
        lack chloraplast
        
        no absorption quality
    - - Grow by way of protonema
    - - all mosses are oogamous
      - antheridia
        
        produce sperm
      - archegonia
        
        produce eggs
  - - - simple apical sporangium
    - - between foot and sporangium
    - - caplike lid of sporophyte
    - - result due to breakage
      - respond to humidity
    - - covers apex of sporangium
- - - - gametophore resembles a moss
        
        no midrib
      - leaves are arranged in three rows
      - grows from apical meristem
    - - leaves are flat
      - body referred to as thalus
        
        without roots, stems, and leaves
      - have air pores
        
        no guard cells
        
        cannot be closed
    - - produces antheridia
    - - produces archegonia
  - - - foot
      - seta
        
        very delicate
      - calyptra
    - - single, elongated cells