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PETROLEUM SYSTEM: SEAL, RESERVOIR & TRAP - Coggle Diagram
PETROLEUM SYSTEM: SEAL, RESERVOIR & TRAP
Characteristics of reservoir
porosity
measure of the capacity of reservoir rocks to contain or store fluids
PRIMARY POROSITY
Inter-particle
rock content was quickly lost in muds and carbonate sands through compaction and cementation respectively
mostly found as siliciclastic sands
Intra particle
porosity is made of interiors of carbonate skeletal grains
SECONDARY POROSITY
porosity formed after deposition leads to other couple of reservoirs types
Dissolution porosity type is made of carbonate dissolution and leaching. It is also called carbonate reservoirs
Fracture porosity which is characterized by not being voluminous
permeability
sufficient hydrocarbon accumulation
sealing mechanism to form a reservoir
Characteristics of seal & trap
TRAP
maintain efficient water seal under all conditions of flow
type of traps
stratigraphic
Pinchouts
Unconformity
Reef
combination
structural
faulting
drapes
folding
SEAL
impermeable barrier
common: shale layer
most effective is evaporites (salth & anhydrite)
effectiveness of cover rock
thickness
lateral continuity
ductility
burial depth
lithology
