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PETROLEUM SYSTEM : RESERVOIR, SEAL & TRAP, anticline trap, salt dome,…
PETROLEUM SYSTEM : RESERVOIR, SEAL & TRAP
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Trap
Type of Trap
stratigraphic trap
- Formed by lithological changes (during/after deposition)
- seals are created beside & on top
- seals are made of impermeable @ low permeability
structural trap
- An upward fold in the layers of rock
Seal (Cap Rock)
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- Most common seal : Shale layer
Most effective seals : Evaporites, notably salt & anhydrite
The effectiveness of cover rock:
- Lithology
- Ductility
- Thickness
- Lateral Continuity
- Burial Depth
anticline trap
- Formed by a folding of rock
- Hydrocarbon are trapped in the peak
salt dome
- Formed as a result of below-ground salt (<lene than rock above)
- salt tectonics
fault trap
- Formed when reservoir rock is split along a fault line
- not very common